{"id":12381,"date":"2019-11-20T05:31:01","date_gmt":"2019-11-20T05:31:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/yaozhou-kiln-ceramic-firing-and-manufacturing-skills-yao-zhou-yao-tao-ci-shao-zhi-ji-yi\/"},"modified":"2019-11-20T05:31:01","modified_gmt":"2019-11-20T05:31:01","slug":"yaozhou-kiln-ceramic-firing-and-manufacturing-skills-yao-zhou-yao-tao-ci-shao-zhi-ji-yi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/yaozhou-kiln-ceramic-firing-and-manufacturing-skills-yao-zhou-yao-tao-ci-shao-zhi-ji-yi\/","title":{"rendered":"Yaozhou Kiln Ceramic Firing and Manufacturing Skills \u8000\u5dde\u7a91\u9676\u74f7\u70e7\u5236\u6280\u827a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006\u5e74<br \/>  Time: 2006<br \/>  \u7c7b\u522b\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u624b\u5de5\u6280\u827a<br \/>  Category: Traditio<em><\/em>nal Handicraft Skills<br \/>  \u5730\u533a\uff1a\u9655\u897f<br \/>  Region: Shaanxi Province<br \/>  \u7f16\u53f7\uff1a\u2167-8<br \/>  Ref. No.: VIII-8<br \/>  \u7533\u62a5\u5730\u533a\u6216\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u9655\u897f\u7701\u94dc\u5ddd\u5e02<br \/>  Nominating unit[s]: To<em><\/em>ngchuan City, Shaanxi Province<br \/>  \u8000\u5dde\u7a91\u5728\u5510\u4ee3\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9676\u74f7\u70e7\u5236\u7684\u8457\u540d\u4ea7\u5730\uff0c\u5b8b\u4ee3\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8fbe\u5230\u9f0e\u76db\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd&quot;\u516d\u5927\u7a91\u7cfb&quot;\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a91\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u4ea7\u54c1\u5219\u6210\u4e3a\u5317\u65b9\u9752\u74f7\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u8000\u5dde\u7a91\u4ee5\u94dc\u5ddd\u9ec4\u5821\u9547\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7a91\u573a\uff0c\u6cbf\u6f06\u6cb3\u4e24\u5cb8\u5bc6\u96c6\u5e03\u9648\uff0c\u53f2\u79f0&quot;\u5341\u91cc\u9676\u574a&quot;\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u7acb\u5730\u3001\u4e0a\u5e97\u6751\u3001\u9648\u7089\u9547\u3001\u7389\u534e\u6751\u7b49\u7a91\u573a\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u7ef5\u5ef6\u767e\u91cc\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u91d1\u5143\u5175\u707e\u53ca\u5404\u671d\u4ee3\u7684\u52a8\u8361\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u5404\u9676\u573a\u5747\u5df2\u505c\u70e7\uff0c\u60df\u6709\u9648\u7089\u9547\u5ef6\u7eed\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u5317\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5236\u74f7\u91cd\u9547\u3002\u9648\u7089\u954711\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u51e0\u4e4e\u5bb6\u5bb6\u70e7\u74f7\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a&quot;\u9648\u7089\u4e0d\u591c&quot;\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u5168\u9547\u4f5c\u574a\u5e76\u4e3a\u56fd\u8425\u9676\u74f7\u5382\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u674e\u56fd\u6862\u7b49\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u8000\u5dde\u7a91\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u827a\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u8000\u5dde\u9752\u74f7\u3001\u9ed1\u91c9\u53ca\u5254\u82b1\u74f7\u3001\u767d\u91c9\u53ca\u5254\u82b1\u74f7\u3001\u5170\u82b1\u74f7\u3001\u94c1\u9508\u82b1\u74f7\u3001\u82b1\u91c9\u7b49\u516d\u5927\u7cfb\u5217\u9676\u74f7\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u94dc\u5ddd\u5e02\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002<br \/>  Yaozhou kiln was well known for kiln ceramic firing and manufacturing in Tang Dynasty and reached its peak period in Song Dynasty, becoming the largest kiln type among the six major kiln types with its products becoming the representative of northern celadon. For Yaozhou kiln, with Huangpu Town, To<em><\/em>ngchuan City as a center, kiln factories spread along Qihe River and were called &quot;ten-li long ceramic workshops&quot;. Besides, there were kiln factories arranged in proper order in Lidi, Shangdian Village, Chenlu Town and Yuhua Village, stretching for hundreds of miles. After the wars in Jin and Yuan dynasties and upheavals in the following dynasties, all the kiln factories had stopped kiln ceramic firing and manufacturing and o<em><\/em>nly kiln factories in Chenlu Town survived to the present, becoming an im<em><\/em>portant town of ceramic manufacturing in northwest China. Nearly all households in 11 villages in Chenlu Town were engaged in ceramic firing and Chenlu Town was regarded as &quot;an ever-bright town&quot;. All ceramic workshops in Chenlu Town were incorporated into a state-owned ceramic factory after the founding of the People&#8217;s Republic of China. In the 1970s, with the help of Li Guozhen and other experts, the traditio<em><\/em>nal skills of Yaozhou kiln were recovered, producing ceramics of six major categories, namely Yaozhou celadon, black-glazed carved ceramics, white-glazed carved ceramics, blue and white porcelain, iron rust ceramics and fancy glaze. Yaozhou kiln ceramic became the pillar industry of To<em><\/em>ngchuan City.<br \/>  \u8000\u5dde\u7a91\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u827a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u539f\u6599\u7684\u91c7\u914d\u3001\u6210\u5206\u53ca\u52a0\u5de5\uff0c\u6ce5\u6599\u7684\u50a8\u5907\u53ca\u7ec3\u63c9\uff0c\u624b\u5de5\u62c9\u576f\u53ca\u4fee\u576f\uff0c\u624b\u5de5\u96d5\u82b1\u3001\u523b\u82b1\u3001\u5212\u82b1\u3001\u8d34\u82b1\u3001\u5370\u82b1\uff0c\u91c9\u836f\u7684\u9009\u914d\u3001\u5236\u5907\u53ca\u6577\u65bd\uff0c\u5323\u94b5\u3001\u7a91\u5177\u7684\u5236\u4f5c\u53ca\u88c5\u7a91\uff0c\u706b\u7130\u6c14\u6c1b\u53ca\u70e7\u6210\u7b49\u4e03\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4e00\u4ef6\u5236\u54c1\u5b8c\u6210\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u91c7\u6599\u3001\u7cbe\u9009\u3001\u98ce\u5316\u3001\u914d\u6bd4\u3001\u7c91\u6ce5\u3001\u9648\u8150\u3001\u719f\u6ce5\u3001\u63c9\u6ce5\u3001\u624b\u62c9\u576f\u3001\u4fee\u576f\u3001\u91c9\u6599\u7cbe\u9009\u3001\u914d\u5236\u3001\u65bd\u91c9\u3001\u624b\u5de5\u88c5\u9970\uff08\u96d5\u3001\u523b\u3001\u8d34\u3001\u5370\uff09\u3001\u7a91\u5177\u5236\u4f5c\u3001\u88c5\u7a91\u3001\u70e7\u7a91\u7b4917\u9053\u5de5\u5e8f\u3002\u5404\u5de5\u5e8f\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u827a\u7684\u4eba\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a&quot;\u5320\u4eba&quot;\u3002<br \/>  The traditio<em><\/em>nal crafts of Yaozhou kiln are mainly reflected in seven aspects, namely the preparation, proportio<em><\/em>ning and processing of raw materials, storage and kneading of clay, hand throwing and trimming, hand carving, engraving, incising, decaling and stamping, the selection, preparation and application of glaze, manufacturing of saggar and kiln furniture and loading, and flame atmosphere and firing. A finished product has to go through 17 processes, namely material selection, screening, weathering, proportioning, clay mixing, aging, finished clay material making, kneading, hand throwing, trimming, glaze selection, preparation, application, hand decoration, (carving, engraving, decaling and stamping), kiln furniture manufacturing, loading of kiln and firing. There are relevant technical requirements for each process and people mastering these skills are called &quot;craftsman&quot;.<br \/>  \u8fd120\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u4e0b\uff0c\u9648\u7089\u9547\u7684\u9676\u74f7\u4e1a\u4e00\u5ea6\u8427\u6761\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u7eb7\u7eb7\u51fa\u5916\u6253\u5de5\uff0c\u5e74\u7eaa\u5927\u7684&quot;\u5320\u4eba&quot;\u76f8\u7ee7\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d41\u4f20\u4e86\u4e00\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u9676\u74f7\u6280\u827a\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u540e\u7ee7\u65e0\u4eba\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u6025\u9700\u62a2\u6551\u3002<br \/>  In the recent 20 years, under the impact of modern industrial products, the ceramic industry of Chenlu Town was in downturn period. The outgoing of young people to seek job elsewher and death of old craftsmen have made the over 1000 years&#8217; traditio<em><\/em>nal ceramic firing and manufacturing skills face the predicament of no inheritors. Protection is in urgent need.<br \/>  \u76f8\u5173\u4f20\u627f\u4eba\uff1a<br \/>  Inheritor(s):<br \/>  \u5b5f\u6811\u5cf0<br \/>  Meng Shufeng<br type=\"_moz\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"chine-tie-zi-nei-rong-zhi-hou\" id=\"chine-1661738750\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1889418300638825\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1889418300638825\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7273022922\" \ndata-ad-layout-key=\"-gw-3+1f-3d+2z\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006\u5e74 Time: 2006 \u7c7b\u522b\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u624b\u5de5\u6280\u827a Category: Traditional Handicraft Skills \u5730\u533a\uff1a\u9655\u897f Region: Shaanxi Province \u7f16\u53f7\uff1a\u2167-8 Ref. No.: VIII-8 \u7533\u62a5\u5730\u533a\u6216\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u9655\u897f\u7701\u94dc\u5ddd\u5e02 Nominating unit[s]: Tongchuan<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,2864],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chinese-culture","category-chinese-traditional-culture"],"views":235,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12381"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12381\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}