\tContrary to English, Chinese has no verb conjugation, which doesn’t imply that they can not express issues that occurred in the past or future. <\/p>\n
\tTo express the past they use some time word like "yesterday" ("\u6628\u5929"zuóti\u0101n)or adding "\u8fc7"(guò) at the end of the sentence to indicate over, past or by adding \u4e86le at the end of the verb or the sentence.<\/p>\n
\tThe word order for a basic declarative sentence in Standard Chinese is subject–verb–object (SVO), much like English. <\/p>\n
\tFor example, the sentence "\u6211\u6d17\u8863\u670d" (w\u01d2 x\u01d0 y\u012b fú, "I wash the clothes.")<\/p>\n
\tThe present<\/strong><\/p>\n \tChinese verbs do not to conjugate like the verbs of most Indo-European languages as English or Spanish. In English, for instance, the verb "to eat" has a lot of forms when compared to its Chinese equivalent: "to eat" (infinitive), "eat, eats" (present), "ate", (simple past), "eaten" (past participle), "eating" (present participle), etc. Chinese only has a single fundamental type, utilized for every particular person and tense.<\/p>\n \tThe past<\/strong><\/p>\n \tThe easiest strategy of expressing past tense would be to use adverbs such as "yesterday." "the day before yesterday" For instance: \u6628\u5929\u6211\u6d17\u8863\u670d\u4e86(zuóti\u0101n w\u01d2 x\u01d0 y\u012bfú le, " Yesterday I wash the clothes.") is equal to saying "Yesterday I washed clothes". Another means of expressing previous tense is usually to use "guò" (\u8fc7) or "le" (\u4e86)\uff0cwhich can't stand by themselves but can express finished actions when positioned after verbs. The distinction between these and other particles can be tough for learners to grasp. Past tense in Chinese can also be emphasized by surrounding the verb and direct object using the phrases "shì"-"de" (\u662f-\u7684). Here the time is ample to express the previous tense but the " shi…de " pattern emphasizes for purpose. For example"\u6628\u5929\u6211\u662f\u6d17\u8863\u670d\u7684" (zuóti\u0101n w\u01d2 shì x\u01d0 y\u012bfú de, " Yesterday I washed the clothes.") This phrasing emphasizes the time in which the action took place more than the action itself.<\/p>\n \tNegation of Chinese verbs<\/strong><\/p>\n \tNegation of Chinese verbs is completed by inserting bù (\u4e0d),which can be interpreted approximately as "not", ahead of the verb to be negated. For instance: "w\u01d2 bù ch\u012b j\u012b" (\u6211\u4e0d\u5403\u9e21, literally: I not eat chicken) is equal to saying "I don't eat chicken". Serial verbs and verbal complements complicate matters.<\/p>\n \tThere exists one particular exception to this rule, nevertheless. The verb "y\u01d2u" (\u6709to have) is negated with the particle "méi" (\u6ca1). The past negative is made by use of "méi y\u01d2u" \u6ca1\u6709instead of "bù" \u4e0d. For example: "w\u01d2 méi y\u01d2u j\u012b" (\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u9e21) "I do not have chicken".<\/p>\n \tQuestions<\/strong><\/p>\n \tWhile some languages like English invert the verb and subject, Chinese makes use of two various constructions.<\/p>\n \tThe particle "ma" (written)<\/strong><\/p>\n \tThis particle "ma" (\u5417) is placed on the quite end of the simple affirmative sentence to turn it into a Yes\/No question. For example:<\/p>\n \t"w\u01d2 ch\u012b j\u012b" (\u6211\u5403\u9e21): "I eat chicken"<\/p>\n \t"w\u01d2 ch\u012b j\u012b ma?" (\u6211\u5403\u9e21\u5417?): "Do I eat chicken?"<\/p>\n \tThe "verb-not-verb" construction<\/strong><\/p>\n \tA question could also be formed by stating the affirmative and the damaging consecutively; that's, taking the verb, placing "bù" (\u4e0d) after it and then repeating the verb once more:<\/p>\n \t"n\u01d0 qù" (\u4f60\u53bb) "You are going."<\/p>\n \t"n\u01d0 qù bú qù" (\u4f60\u53bb\u4e0d\u53bb?)(literally: you go not go?) "Are you going?"<\/p>\n