{"id":3526,"date":"2019-11-19T16:45:54","date_gmt":"2019-11-19T16:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/the-book-of-songs\/"},"modified":"2019-11-19T16:45:54","modified_gmt":"2019-11-19T16:45:54","slug":"the-book-of-songs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/the-book-of-songs\/","title":{"rendered":"The Book of Songs"},"content":{"rendered":"
the book of songsHistory:
As the first collection of poems in china, The Book of So<\/em>ngs (sh\u012b j\u012bng \u8bd7\u7ecf) recorded a total of 305 poems created over a period of 500 years or so, from the early Western Zhou Dynasty (x\u012b zh\u014du \u897f\u5468) (11th century BC-771BC) to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (ch\u016bn qi\u016b shí q\u012b  \u6625\u79cb\u65f6\u671f). It was said that specific officials were appointed with a sole role of collecting poems among the mass. There was also a rule requiring officials to compose poems and present them to the emperor at that time. The anthology came into being after further compilation. According to the story, all the poems in The Book of So<\/em>ngs were lyrics of the ancient days.
At the very beginning, The Book of So<\/em>ngs was known as Poems (sh\u012b \u8bd7) or Three Hundred Poems (sh\u012b s\u0101n b\u01cei \u8bd7\u4e09\u767e). The great thinker Co<\/em>nfucius (k\u01d2ng z\u01d0 \u5b54\u5b50) used it as a textbook to teach his disciples. It was named as The Book of So<\/em>ngs after the Han Dynasty (hàn cháo \u6c49\u671d).<\/p>\n

Structure
The Book of So<\/em>ngs was written in four-character lines. All the so<\/em>ngs were original in wording, harmo<\/em>nious in rhythm, co<\/em>ncise in style, and pleasant to read. The three major literary figures or styles employed in the poems were Fu (fù \u8d4b), Bi (b\u01d0 \u6bd4) and Xing (x\u012bng \u5174). It is divided into four main sections:the book of songs
    1. GuoFeng (guó f\u0113ng \u56fd\u98ce)(Lessons from the States):
        Poems or folk so<\/em>ngs from ordinary people.
    2. XiaoYa (xi\u01ceo y\u01ce \u5c0f\u96c5)(Minor Odes of the Kingdom):
        Poems or so<\/em>ngs co<\/em>ncerning life of the nobility.
    3. DaYa (dà y\u01ce \u5927\u96c5)(Greater Odes of the Kingdom):
        Poems or so<\/em>ngs of praise of the rulers and their life.
    4. Song (sòng \u9882)(Odes of the Temple and the Altar):
        Hymns written for religious ceremo<\/em>nies of the court.<\/p>\n

Contents
The Book of So<\/em>ngs was rich in contents, which was also the source of Chinese verse and the starting point of the Chinese epic. Including history poems, satirical poems, narrative poems, love songs, odes, seaso<\/em>nal so<\/em>ngs and work songs, It covered all aspects of the society of the Zhou Dynasty, such as work and love, war and corvée, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, sacrifices and feasts, astro<\/em>nomical phenomena and landforms, animals and plants. Therefore, The Book of So<\/em>ngs was not o<\/em>nly a mirror reflecting the Zhou Dynasty (zh\u014du cháo \u5468\u671d), but also the most valuable and im<\/em>portant material in the study of the Chinese language from the 11th century to the 6th century B.C.
The Book of So<\/em>ngs has spread widely in China and abroad. It has been translated into many foreign languages such as English, French, Japanese, and Russian. Jacob Lee’s The Chinese Classics is the earliest translation in English, which was published during 1861-1871 in Hong Kong. Arthur Waley’s The Book of Songs, though published later (in 1954), is a better version.<\/p>\n

Appreciation<\/p>\n

the book of songs<\/p>\n

The Reeds and Rushes (part)
   
\u300a\u79e6\u98ce· \u517c\u846d\u300b\uff08\u8282\u9009\uff09
When reed and rush grew green, grew green,
   
\u84b9\u846d\u82cd\u82cd\uff0c
And dews to hoar-frost changed,
   
\u767d\u9732\u4e3a\u971c\u3002
One whom they speak of as "that man"
   
\u6240\u8c13\u4f0a\u4eba\uff0c
Somewher the river ranged.
   
\u5728\u6c34\u4e00\u65b9\u3002
Upstream they went in quest of him,
   
\u6eaf\u6d04\u4ece\u4e4b\uff0c
A long and toilsome way;
   
\u9053\u963b\u4e14\u957f\u3002
Downstream they went in quest of him;
   
\u6eaf\u6e38\u4ece\u4e4b\uff0c
In mid-stream there lay!
   
\u5b9b\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u592e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b<\/p>\n

the book of songs<\/p>\n

      \u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u8bd7\u6b4c\u603b\u96c6\uff0c\u5171\u6536\u5165\u81ea\u897f\u5468\u521d\u5e74\u81f3\u6625\u79cb\u4e2d\u53f6\u5927\u7ea6\u4e94\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4e09\u767e\u96f6\u4e94\u7bc7\u3002\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u5171\u5206\u98ce\uff08160\u7bc7\uff09\u3001\u96c5\uff08105\u7bc7\uff09\u3001\u9882\uff0840\u7bc7\uff09\u4e09\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5f97\u540d\u4e8e\u97f3\u4e50\u3002“\u98ce”\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u58f0\u8c03\u3002\u53e4\u4eba\u6240\u8c13\u300a\u79e6\u98ce\u300b\u3001\u300a\u9b4f\u98ce\u300b\u3001\u300a\u90d1\u98ce\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u9655\u897f\u8c03\u3001\u5c71\u897f\u8c03\u3001\u6cb3\u5357\u8c03\u3001“\u96c5”\u662f\u6b63\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u5468\u4ee3\u4eba\u628a\u6b63\u58f0\u53eb\u505a\u96c5\u4e50\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u6e05\u4ee3\u4eba\u628a\u6606\u8154\u53eb\u505a\u96c5\u90e8\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5c0a\u5d07\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002\u5927\u96c5\u5c0f\u96c5\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5e74\u4ee3\u5148\u540e\u800c\u5206\u7684\u3002“\u9882”\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5b97\u5e99\u796d\u7684\u4e50\u6b4c\u3002
\u601d\u60f3\u5185\u5bb9 \u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u5168\u9762\u5730\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5468\u4ee3\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5974\u96b6\u793e\u4f1a\u4ece\u5174\u76db\u5230\u8870\u8d25\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u8bd7\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5927\u96c5\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u300a\u751f\u6c11\u300b\u3001\u300a\u516c\u5218 \u300b\u3001\u300a\u7ef5\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7687\u77e3\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5927\u660e\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u540e\u7a37\u964d\u751f\u5230\u6b66\u738b\u4f10\u7ea3\uff0c\u662f\u5468\u90e8\u65cf\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u7acb\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d9\u4e8b\u8bd7\u3002
     \u6709\u4e9b\u8bd7\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u9b4f\u98ce• \u7855\u9f20\u300b\u3001\u300a\u9b4f\u98ce• \u4f10\u6a80\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u51b7\u5632\u70ed\u8bbd\u7684\u7b14\u8c03\u5f62\u8c61\u5730\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u5974\u96b6\u4e3b\u8d2a\u5a6a\u6210\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u52b3\u800c\u83b7\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u5531\u51fa\u4e86\u4eba\u6c11\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u548c\u5bf9\u7406\u60f3\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5411\u5f80\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5974\u96b6\u5236\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6\u671f\u5974\u96b6\u4eec\u7684\u89c9\u9192\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8bd7\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5c0f\u96c5• \u4f55\u8349\u4e0d\u9ec4\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8c73\u98ce• \u4e1c\u5c71\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5510\u98ce• \u9e28\u7fbd\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5c0f\u96c5 • \u91c7\u8587\u300b\u7b49\u5199\u5f81\u592b\u601d\u5bb6\u604b\u571f\u548c\u5bf9\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u54c0\u6028\uff1b\u300a\u738b\u98ce• \u541b\u5b50\u4e8e\u5f79 \u300b\u3001\u300a\u536b\u98ce• \u4f2f\u516e\u300b\u7b49\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u601d\u5987\u5bf9\u5f81\u4eba\u7684\u6000\u5ff5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u897f\u5468\u65f6\u671f\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5175\u5f79\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u6218\u4e89\u5fad\u5f79\u7ed9\u4eba\u6c11\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u65e0\u7a77\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u707e\u96be\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8bd7\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5468\u5357• \u82a3\u82e2\u300b\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u523b\u753b\u4e86\u5987\u5973\u4eec\u91c7\u96c6\u8f66\u524d\u5b50\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b\u300a\u8c73\u98ce• \u4e03\u6708\u300b\u8bb0\u53d9\u4e86\u5974\u96b6\u4e00\u5e74\u56db\u5b63\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u751f\u6d3b\uff1b\u300a\u5c0f\u96c5• \u65e0\u7f8a\u300b\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5974\u96b6\u4eec\u7684\u7267\u7f8a\u751f\u6d3b\u3002 the book of songs
      \u8fd8\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u8bd7\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u9752\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u7684\u7231\u60c5\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u79e6\u98ce• \u517c\u846d\u300b\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u7537\u5973\u4e4b\u95f4\u5982\u68a6\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff1b\u300a\u90d1\u98ce• \u6eb1\u6d27\u300b\u3001\u300a\u90b6\u98ce• \u9759\u5973\u300b\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u7537\u5973\u4e4b\u95f4\u620f\u8c11\u7684\u6b22\u4f1a\uff1b\u300a\u738b\u98ce• \u91c7\u845b\u300b\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u7537\u5973\u4e4b\u95f4\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u76f8\u601d\uff1b\u300a\u536b\u98ce• \u6728\u74dc\u300b\u3001\u300a\u53ec\u5357• \u647d\u6709\u6885 \u300b\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u7537\u5973\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u9988\u8d60\uff1b\u300a\u9118\u98ce• \u67cf\u821f\u300b\u3001\u300a\u90d1\u98ce• \u5c06\u4ef2\u5b50\u300b\u5219\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5bb6\u957f\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8206\u8bba\u7ed9\u9752\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u53e6\u5982\u300a\u90b6\u98ce• \u8c37\u98ce\u300b\u3001\u300a\u536b\u98ce•\u6c13\u300b\u8fd8\u6292\u5199\u4e86\u5f03\u5987\u7684\u54c0\u6028\uff0c\u6124\u6012\u8c34\u8d23\u4e86\u7537\u5b50\u7684\u5fd8\u6069\u8d1f\u4e49\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u9636\u7ea7\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5e7f\u5927\u5987\u5973\u7684\u60b2\u60e8\u547d\u8fd0\u3002
      \u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u4ee5\u56db\u8a00\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u517c\u6709\u6742\u8a00\u3002\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u591a\u91c7\u7528\u91cd\u7ae0\u53e0\u53e5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u52a0\u5f3a\u6292\u60c5\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u53ea\u53d8\u6362\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u5374\u80fd\u6536\u5230\u56de\u65cb\u8dcc\u5b95\u7684\u827a\u672f\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u591a\u91c7\u7528\u53cc\u58f0\u53e0\u97f5\u3001\u53e0\u5b57\u8fde\u7ef5\u8bcd\u6765\u72b6\u7269\u3001\u62df\u58f0\u3001\u7a77\u8c8c\u3002“\u4ee5\u5c11\u603b\u591a\uff0c\u60c5\u8c8c\u65e0\u9057”\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u5728\u62bc\u97f5\u4e0a\u6709\u7684\u53e5\u53e5\u62bc\u97f5\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u9694\u53e5\u62bc\u97f5\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4e00\u97f5\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u9014\u8f6c\u97f5\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u7528\u97f5\u89c4\u5f8b\u5728\u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u3002
      \u300a\u8bd7\u7ecf\u300b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5149\u8f89\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u827a\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u4e0a\u90fd\u5360\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u6587\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
<\/div>\n