{"id":8920,"date":"2019-11-14T08:54:32","date_gmt":"2019-11-14T08:54:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-reading\/exemplarious-translation-of-liji-li-ji-quot-the-book-of-rites-quot\/"},"modified":"2019-11-14T08:54:32","modified_gmt":"2019-11-14T08:54:32","slug":"exemplarious-translation-of-liji-li-ji-quot-the-book-of-rites-quot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/de\/exemplarious-translation-of-liji-li-ji-quot-the-book-of-rites-quot\/","title":{"rendered":"Exemplarious translation of Liji \u793c\u8bb0 "The Book of Rites""},"content":{"rendered":"
 Exemplarious translation:
3. (5.) \u738b\u5236\u3000Royal Regulations
\u738b\u8005\u4e4b\u5236\uff1a\u7984\u7235\uff0c\u516c\u3001\u4faf\u3001\u4f2f\u3001\u5b50\u3001\u7537\uff0c\u51e1\u4e94\u7b49\u3002\u8bf8\u4faf\u4e4b\u4e0a\u5927\u592b\u537f\u3001\u4e0b\u5927\u592b\u3001\u4e0a\u58eb\u3001\u4e2d\u58eb\u3001\u4e0b\u58eb\uff0c\u51e1\u4e94\u7b49\u3002
According to the regulations of emolument and rank f<\/em>ramed by the kings, there were the duke; the marquis; the earl; the count; and the baron – in all, five gradations (of rank). There were (also), in the feudal states, Great officers of the highest grade – the ministers; and Great officers of the lowest grade; officers of the highest, the middle, and the lowest grades – in all, five gradations (of office).<\/p>\n

\u5929\u5b50\u4e4b\u7530\u65b9\u5343\u91cc\uff0c\u516c\u4faf\u7530\u65b9\u767e\u91cc\uff0c\u4f2f\u4e03\u5341\u91cc\uff0c\u5b50\u7537\u4e94\u5341\u91cc\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e94\u5341\u91cc\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u5408\u4e8e\u5929\u5b50\uff0c\u9644\u4e8e\u8bf8\u4faf\u66f0\u9644\u5eb8\u3002\u5929\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e09\u516c\u4e4b\u7530\u89c6\u516c\u4faf\uff0c\u5929\u5b50\u4e4b\u537f\u89c6\u4f2f\uff0c\u5929\u5b50\u4e4b\u5927\u592b\u89c6\u5b50\u7537\uff0c\u5929\u5b50\u4e4b\u5143\u58eb\u89c6\u9644\u5eb8\u3002
The territory of the son of Heaven amounted to 1000 li square; that of a duke or marquis to 500 li square; that of an earl to 79 li square; and that of a count or baron to 50 li square. (Lords) who could not number 50 li square, were not admitted directly to (the audiences of) the son of Heaven. Their territories were called ‘attached,’ being joined to those of one of the other princes. The territory assigned to each of the ducal ministers of the son of Heaven was equal to that of a duke or marquis; that of each of his high ministers was equal to that of an earl; that of his Great officers to the territory of a count or baron; and that of his officers of the chief grade to an attached territory.<\/p>\n

\u519c\u7530\u767e\u4ea9\u3002\u767e\u4ea9\u4e4b\u5206\uff1a\u4e0a\u519c\u592b\u98df\u4e5d\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u98df\u516b\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u98df\u4e03\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u98df\u516d\u4eba\uff1b\u4e0b\u519c\u592b\u98df\u4e94\u4eba\u3002\u5eb6\u4eba\u5728\u5b98\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u7984\u4ee5\u662f\u4e3a\u5dee\u4e5f\u3002
According to the regulations, the fields of the husbandmen were in portions of a hundred acres. According to the different qualities of those acres, when they were of the highest quality, a farmer supported nine individuals; wher they were of the next, eight; and so on, seven, six, and five. The pay of the common people, who were employed in government offices, was regulated in harmony with these distinctions among the husbandmen.<\/p>\n

13. (15.) \u4e27\u670d\u5c0f\u8bb0 Smaller Records of Mourning Dress
\u65a9\u8870\uff0c\u62ec\u53d1\u4ee5\u9ebb\uff1b\u4e3a\u6bcd\uff0c\u62ec\u53d1\u4ee5\u9ebb\uff0c\u514d\u800c\u4ee5\u5e03\u3002\u9f50\u8870\uff0c\u6076\u7b04\u4ee5\u7ec8\u4e27\u3002
When wearing the unhemmed sackcloth (for a father), (the son) tied up his hair with a hempen (band), and also when wearing it for a mother. When he exchanged this band for the cincture (in the case of mourning for his mother), this was made of linen cloth. (A wife), when wearing the (one year’s mourning) of sackcloth with the edges even, had the girdle (of the same), and the inferior hair-pin (of hazel-wood), and wore these to the end of the mourning.<\/p>\n

\u7537\u5b50\u51a0\u800c\u5987\u4eba\u7b04\uff0c\u7537\u5b50\u514d\u800c\u5987\u4eba\u9afd\u3002\u5176\u4e49\uff1a\u4e3a\u7537\u5b50\u5219\u514d\uff0c\u4e3a\u5987\u4eba\u5219\u9afd\u3002
(Ordinarily) men wore the cap, and women the hair-pin; (in mourning) men wore the cincture, and women the same after the female fashion. The idea was (simply) to maintain in this way a distinction between them.<\/p>\n

\u82f4\u6756\uff0c\u7af9\u4e5f\uff1b\u524a\u6756\uff0c\u6850\u4e5f\u3002
The dark-coloured staff was of bamboo; that paired and fashio<\/em>ned (at the end) was of eleococca wood.<\/p>\n

17. (19.) \u4e50\u8bb0 Record of Music
\u51e1\u97f3\u4e4b\u8d77\uff0c\u7531\u4eba\u5fc3\u751f\u4e5f\u3002\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e4b\u52a8\uff0c\u7269\u4f7f\u4e4b\u7136\u4e5f\u3002\u611f\u4e8e\u7269\u800c\u52a8\uff0c\u6545\u5f62\u4e8e\u58f0\u3002\u58f0\u76f8\u5e94\uff0c\u6545\u751f\u53d8\uff1b\u53d8\u6210\u65b9\uff0c\u8c13\u4e4b\u97f3\uff1b\u6bd4\u97f3\u800c\u4e50\u4e4b\uff0c\u53ca\u5e72\u621a\u7fbd\u65c4\uff0c\u8c13\u4e4b\u4e50\u3002
All the modulations of the voice arise from the mind, and the various affections of the mind are produced by things (external to it). The affections thus produced are manifested in the sounds that are uttered. Changes are produced by the way in which those sounds respond to one another; and those changes co<\/em>nstitute what we call the modulations of the voice. The combination’ of those modulated sounds, so as to give pleasure, and the (direction in harmony with them of the) shields and axes, and of the plumes and ox-tails, co<\/em>nstitutes what we call music.<\/p>\n

\u4e50\u8005\uff0c\u97f3\u4e4b\u6240\u7531\u751f\u4e5f\uff1b\u5176\u672c\u5728\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e4b\u611f\u4e8e\u7269\u4e5f\u3002\u662f\u6545\u5176\u54c0\u5fc3\u611f\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u58f0\u564d\u4ee5\u6740\u3002\u5176\u4e50\u5fc3\u611f\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u58f0\u5574\u4ee5\u7f13\u3002\u5176\u559c\u5fc3\u611f\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u58f0\u53d1\u4ee5\u6563\u3002\u5176\u6012\u5fc3\u611f\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u58f0\u7c97\u4ee5\u5389\u3002\u5176\u656c\u5fc3\u611f\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u58f0\u76f4\u4ee5\u5ec9\u3002\u5176\u7231\u5fc3\u611f\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u58f0\u548c\u4ee5\u67d4\u3002\u516d\u8005\uff0c\u975e\u6027\u4e5f\uff0c\u611f\u4e8e\u7269\u800c\u540e\u52a8\u3002\u662f\u6545\u5148\u738b\u614e\u6240\u4ee5\u611f\u4e4b\u8005\u3002\u6545\u793c\u4ee5\u9053\u5176\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e50\u4ee5\u548c\u5176\u58f0\uff0c\u653f\u4ee5\u4e00\u5176\u884c\uff0c\u5211\u4ee5\u9632\u5176\u5978\u3002\u793c\u4e50\u5211\u653f\uff0c\u5176\u6781\u4e00\u4e5f\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\u540c\u6c11\u5fc3\u800c\u51fa\u6cbb\u9053\u4e5f\u3002
Music is (thus) the production of the modulations of the voice, and its source is in the affections of the mind as it is influenced by (external) things. When the mind is moved to sorrow, the sound is sharp and fading away; when it is moved to pleasure, the sound is slow and gentle; when it is moved to joy, the sound is exclamatory and soon disappears; when it is moved to anger, the sound is coarse and fierce; when it is moved to reverence, the sound is straightforward, with an indication of humility; when it is moved to love, the sound is harmo<\/em>nious and soft. These six peculiarities of sound are not natural’; they indicate the impressions produced by (external) things. On this account the ancient kings were watchful in regard to the things by which the mind was affected. And so (they instituted) ceremo<\/em>nies to direct men’s aims aright; music to give harmony to their voices; laws to unify their conduct; and punishments to guard against their tendencies to evil. The end to which ceremonies, music, punishments, and laws co<\/em>nduct is one; they are the instruments by which the minds of the people are assimilated, and good order in government is made to appear.<\/p>\n

41. (44.) \u660f\u4e49 The Meaning of the Marriage Ceremony
\u660f\u793c\u8005\uff0c\u5c06\u5408\u4e8c\u59d3\u4e4b\u597d\uff0c\u4e0a\u4ee5\u4e8b\u5b97\u5e99\uff0c\u800c\u4e0b\u4ee5\u7ee7\u540e\u4e16\u4e5f\u3002\u6545\u541b\u5b50\u91cd\u4e4b\u3002\u662f\u4ee5\u660f\u793c\u7eb3\u91c7\u3001\u95ee\u540d\u3001\u7eb3\u5409\u3001\u7eb3\u5f81\u3001\u8bf7\u671f\uff0c\u7686\u4e3b\u4eba\u7b75\u51e0\u4e8e\u5e99\uff0c\u800c\u62dc\u8fce\u4e8e\u95e8\u5916\uff0c\u5165\uff0c\u63d6\u8ba9\u800c\u5347\uff0c\u542c\u547d\u4e8e\u5e99\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u656c\u614e\u3001\u91cd\u6b63\u660f\u793c\u4e5f\u3002
The ceremony of marriage was intended to be a bond of love between two (families of different) surnames, with a view, in its retrospective character, to secure the services in the ancestral temple, and in its prospective character, to secure the co<\/em>ntinuance of the family line. Therefore the superior men, (the ancient rulers), set a great value upon it. Hence, in regard to the various (introductory) ceremonies,–the proposal with its accompanying gift; the inquiries a<\/em>bout the (lady’s) name; the intimation of the approving divination; the receiving the special offerings; and the request to fix the day – these all were received by the principal party (on the lady’s side), as he rested on his mat or leaning-stool in the ancestral temple, (When they arrived), he met the messenger, and greeted him outside the gate, giving place to him as he entered, after which they ascended to the hall. Thus were the instructions received in the ancestral temple, and in this way was the ceremony respected, and watched over, while its im<\/em>portance was exhibited and care taken that all its details should be correct.
<\/div>\n