{"id":13819,"date":"2019-11-10T01:41:57","date_gmt":"2019-11-10T01:41:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/banqueting-table-manners-jiu-yan-shang-de-li-yi\/"},"modified":"2019-11-10T01:41:57","modified_gmt":"2019-11-10T01:41:57","slug":"banqueting-table-manners-jiu-yan-shang-de-li-yi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/fr\/banqueting-table-manners-jiu-yan-shang-de-li-yi\/","title":{"rendered":"Banqueting Table Manners \u9152\u5bb4\u4e0a\u7684\u793c\u4eea"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u4e00\u3001\u5ea7\u6b21
I. The order of seats
\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5ea7\u6b21\u662f“\u5c1a\u5de6\u5c0a\u4e1c”\u3001“\u9762\u671d\u5927\u95e8\u4e3a\u5c0a”\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u5706\u684c\uff0c\u5219\u6b63\u5bf9\u5927\u95e8\u7684\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5ba2\uff0c\u4e3b\u5ba2\u5de6\u53f3\u624b\u8fb9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u79bb\u4e3b\u5ba2\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8d8a\u9760\u8fd1\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d8a\u5c0a\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u8ddd\u79bb\u5219\u5de6\u4fa7\u5c0a\u4e8e\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002\u82e5\u4e3a\u516b\u4ed9\u684c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6b63\u5bf9\u5927\u95e8\u7684\u5ea7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5219\u6b63\u5bf9\u5927\u95e8\u4e00\u4fa7\u7684\u53f3\u4f4d\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5ba2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6b63\u5bf9\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u5219\u9762\u4e1c\u7684\u4e00\u4fa7\u53f3\u5e2d\u4e3a\u9996\u5e2d\u3002
In general, in terms of the order of seating, “the seat on the left side and the east are for respected guests” and “the seats facing the door are for respected guests”. If the table is round, the seat facing the door is the seat for the most im<\/em>portant guest with the im<\/em>portance of guests decreasing as their distance from either side of the chair increases. If the distance is the same, the left one is superior to the right one. When seated at old-fashio<\/em>ned square tables for eight people, if there are seats facing the door, the seat to the right is for the most im<\/em>portant guest. If there are no seats facing the door, the seat to the right on the side facing the east is the seat of primary honor.
\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb4\uff0c\u684c\u4e0e\u684c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6392\u5217\u8bb2\u7a76\u9996\u5e2d\u5c45\u524d\u5c45\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de6\u8fb9\u4f9d\u6b212\u30014\u30016\u5e2d\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u4e3a3\u30015\u30017\u5e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e3b\u5ba2\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u4eb2\u758f\u5206\u5750\u3002
In a large banquet, when arranging the tables, the seat of primary ho<\/em>nor shall be at the front and in the middle center. Seats 2, 4, 6 should be arranged in proper order to the left of the seat of primary ho<\/em>nor and seats 3, 5 and 7 should be located to the right. Guests should be seated according to identity, status and their relatio<\/em>nship with the host.
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u524d\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9760\u95e8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6765\u5bbe\u5f15\u5ea7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u88ab\u9080\u8bf7\u8005\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u542c\u4ece\u4e1c\u9053\u4e3b\u5b89\u6392\u5165\u5ea7\u3002
If you are the host, you should arrive in advance and wait near the door and usher the guests. If you are a guest, you should take your seat according to arrangements made by the host.
\u4e8c\u3001\u70b9\u83dc
II. Ordering dishes
\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u95f4\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u7b49\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5ba2\u4eba\u5230\u9f50\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u83dc\u5355\u4f9b\u5ba2\u4eba\u4f20\u9605\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u70b9\u83dc\u3002\u5bb4\u8bf7\u524d\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u6863\u6b21\u7684\u8bf7\u5ba2\u5730\u70b9\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5ba2\u4eba\u4e5f\u80fd\u5927\u5927\u9886\u4f1a\u4f60\u7684\u9884\u7b97\u3002
If time allows, you should wait until most of the guests arrive, and then pass the menu to guests for reference, asking them to order dishes. It is im<\/em>portant to choose a banqueting venue of appropriate class before the banquet so that the guests may understand your budget well.
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u8d74\u5bb4\u8005\uff0c\u8981\u8ba9\u4e3b\u4eba\u6765\u70b9\u83dc\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u65b9\u76db\u60c5\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u592a\u8d35\u3001\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u5fcc\u53e3\u7684\u83dc\u3002\u8bb0\u5f97\u5f81\u8be2\u4e00\u4e0b\u684c\u4e0a\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u95ee\u4e00\u4e0b“\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u4e0d\u5403\u7684\uff1f”\u6216\u662f“\u6bd4\u8f83\u559c\u6b22\u5403\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f”\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u611f\u89c9\u88ab\u7167\u987e\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u70b9\u83dc\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf7\u793a“\u6211\u70b9\u4e86\u83dc\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u5426\u5408\u51e0\u4f4d\u7684\u53e3\u5473”\uff0c“\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u6765\u70b9\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48”\u7b49\u7b49\u3002
If you are a guest, you should let the host order dishes. At the gracious invitation of the host, you can order an inexpensive dish which should be suitable for the host and guests. Remember to ask for the opinions of those on the table. In particular, ask them whether they avoid certain foods or what they prefer so as to let everyone feel they have been taken into consideration. After ordering dishes, you can say, “I have ordered some dishes. I don’t know whether they are to your taste.” and “Would you like to order some other dishes?” etc.
\u4e09\u3001\u5403\u83dc
III. Having dishes
\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u5f88\u8bb2\u7a76\u5403\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5f88\u8bb2\u7a76\u5403\u76f8\u3002\u968f\u7740\u804c\u573a\u793c\u4eea\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u88ab\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u996d\u684c\u4e0a\u7684\u5403\u548c\u5403\u76f8\u4e5f\u66f4\u52a0\u8bb2\u7a76\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee5\u4e2d\u9910\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9910\u684c\u4e0a\u6709\u793c\u6709\u4eea\uff0c\u5f97\u5fc3\u5e94\u624b\u3002\u4e2d\u9910\u5bb4\u5e2d\u8fdb\u9910\u4f0a\u59cb\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5458\u9001\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u6e7f\u6bdb\u5dfe\u662f\u64e6\u624b\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u5b83\u53bb\u64e6\u8138\u3002\u4e0a\u9f99\u867e\u3001\u9e21\u3001\u6c34\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9001\u4e0a\u4e00\u53ea\u5c0f\u5c0f\u6c34\u76c2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u98d8\u7740\u62e7\u6aac\u7247\u6216\u73ab\u7470\u82b1\u74e3\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u996e\u6599\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6d17\u624b\u7528\u7684\u3002
In general, Chinese people pay great attention to eating, and devote particular care to table manners. With the increasing im<\/em>portance attached to the occupatio<\/em>nal manners, the eating and table manners of the commercial dinners are more and more im<\/em>portant. In the following part, we will take a Chinese meal as an example to teach you how to behave politely and use what is lain on the table. At the beginning of a Chinese banquet, the wet towel served by the waiters is used to clean your hands; so don’t use it to clean your face. When lobster, chicken or fruit is served, there will be a small jar holding water with a lemon slice or roseleaf on it. It is not for drinking, but to be used for washing hands.
\u7528\u9910\u65f6\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u6587\u660e\u793c\u8c8c\u3002\u5bf9\u5916\u5bbe\u4e0d\u8981\u53cd\u590d\u529d\u83dc\uff0c\u53ef\u5411\u5bf9\u65b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u83dc\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5403\u4e0d\u5403\u7531\u4ed6\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\u529d\u83dc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e3a\u5bf9\u65b9\u5939\u83dc\u3002
When having meals, you need to have good manners. Don’t persuade foreign guests to eat again and again. You can introduce the dishes to them and let them decide whether to eat. Some people like to persuade others to eat or even help others to the dishes.
\u56db\u3001\u559d\u9152
IV. Drinking
\u5728\u9152\u684c\u4e0a\u559d\u9152\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u95ee\u8bb2\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9152\u684c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec6\u8282\u3002
There are many points of knowledge and im<\/em>portant things to be taken into co<\/em>nsideration when drinking at a banquet. The following are some details requiring attention.
\u7ec6\u8282\u4e00\uff1a\u9886\u5bfc\u76f8\u4e92\u559d\u5b8c\u624d\u8f6e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u656c\u9152\u3002\u656c\u9152\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u53cc\u624b\u4e3e\u676f\u3002\u7ec6\u8282\u4e8c\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u4eba\u656c\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u51b3\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e00\u4eba\u656c\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u662f\u9886\u5bfc\u3002\u7ec6\u8282\u4e09\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u656c\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u78b0\u676f\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u559d\u591a\u5c11\u53ef\u89c6\u4e4e\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u65b9\u9152\u91cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b9\u559d\u9152\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5207\u4e0d\u53ef\u6bd4\u5bf9\u65b9\u559d\u5f97\u5c11\uff0c\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u656c\u4eba\u3002\u7ec6\u8282\u56db\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u656c\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u78b0\u676f\uff0c\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u6211\u559d\u5b8c\uff0c\u4f60\u968f\u610f\uff0c\u65b9\u663e\u5927\u5ea6\u3002\u7ec6\u8282\u4e94\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f97\u591a\u7ed9\u9886\u5bfc\u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u6dfb\u9152\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u778e\u7ed9\u9886\u5bfc\u4ee3\u9152\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5728\u9886\u5bfc\u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u786e\u5b9e\u60f3\u627e\u4eba\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u88c5\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u60f3\u559d\u9152\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u9886\u5bfc\u4ee3\u9152\u800c\u559d\u9152\u3002\u7ec6\u8282\u516d\uff1a\u7aef\u8d77\u9152\u676f\uff08\u5564\u9152\u676f\uff09\uff0c\u53f3\u624b\u627c\u676f\uff0c\u5de6\u624b\u57ab\u676f\u5e95\uff0c\u8bb0\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u676f\u5b50\u6c38\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u522b\u4eba\u3002
The first detail: o<\/em>nly after the leaders have toasted each other may you toast them. When proposing a toast, you must stand up and raise your glass with two hands. The second detail: it is permitted for many people to toast another individual but it is prohibited for one person to toast a group of people unless this person is a leader. The third detail: When you propose a toast to others, if you do not cl<\/em>ink glasses, the amount that you drink depends on the circumstances; for example, your partner’s capacity for liquor and attitude towards drinking may be taken into account. Remember not to drink less than the opposite side, because you are the one that has proposed the toast. The forth detail: when you toast to others and cl<\/em>ink glasses with him or her, you shall say, “I’ll drink it up, and you drink at will” so as to be magnanimous and tolerant. The fifth detail: remember to pour out liquor for leaders or clients frequently. Don’t drink wine on behalf of the leaders at will. If you want to, you must do so when the leader or the client really needs help. You should also pretend that you are drinking on behalf of them because you like drinking, not because you want to help them. The sixth detail: raise the glass (beer glassware) with the right hand holding the glass and the left hand supporting from the under. Remember your glass should never be higher than the glasses of others.
\u4e94\u3001\u5012\u8336
V. Serving the tea
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8336\u5177\u8981\u6e05\u6d01\u3002\u5ba2\u4eba\u8fdb\u5c4b\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u8ba9\u5750\uff0c\u540e\u5907\u8336\u3002\u51b2\u8336\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u628a\u8336\u5177\u6d17\u5e72\u51c0\u3002\u5728\u51b2\u8336\u3001\u5012\u8336\u4e4b\u524d\u6700\u597d\u7528\u5f00\u6c34\u70eb\u4e00\u4e0b\u8336\u58f6\u3001\u8336\u676f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u65e2\u8bb2\u7a76\u536b\u751f\uff0c\u53c8\u663e\u5f97\u5f6c\u5f6c\u6709\u793c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8336\u5177\u5e72\u51c0\u4e0d\u5e72\u51c0\uff0c\u80e1\u4e71\u7ed9\u5ba2\u4eba\u5012\u8336\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u793c\u8c8c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002
First of all, the tea set should be cleaned. After the guests enter, you should offer them a seat first, and then prepare tea. Before making and serving the tea, you must clean the tea set and had better scald the tea pot and tea cups. It is not o<\/em>nly shows that you pay attention to matters of hygiene but that show you are also refined and courteous. Neglecting the cleanliness of the tea set and serving tea for the guests at random are impolite behaviors.
\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u8336\u6c34\u8981\u9002\u91cf\u3002\u5148\u8bf4\u8336\u53f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u9002\u5f53\u3002\u8336\u53f6\u4e0d\u5b9c\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b9c\u592a\u5c11\u3002\u8336\u53f6\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u8336\u5473\u8fc7\u6d53\uff1b\u8336\u53f6\u8fc7\u5c11\uff0c\u51b2\u51fa\u7684\u8336\u6ca1\u5565\u5473\u9053\u3002
Secondly, the amount of tea shall be appropriate. First of all, the amount of tea leaves should be correct. Quantities of tea leaves should be neither too large or too few. If there are too many tea leaves, the taste of tea will be too strong. Alternatively, if the tea leaves are too few, the tea will have no flavor.
\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u7aef\u8336\u8981\u5f97\u6cd5\u3002\u6309\u7167\u6211\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u53cc\u624b\u7ed9\u5ba2\u4eba\u7aef\u8336\u3002\u53cc\u624b\u7aef\u8336\u4e5f\u8981\u5f88\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bf9\u6709\u676f\u8033\u7684\u8336\u676f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\u6293\u4f4f\u676f\u8033\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\u6258\u4f4f\u676f\u5e95\uff0c\u628a\u8336\u7aef\u7ed9\u5ba2\u4eba\u3002
Thirdly, the method of serving tea in cups should be proper. According to the traditio<\/em>nal habits of Chinese people, you should serve the guest with a cup of tea with two hands. When serving with two hands, it is notable that cups with handles are usually held by the handle with one hand and the bottom of the cup is held with the other before serving.
\u516d\u3001\u79bb\u5e2d
VI. Leave the table
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Usually a wine party or a tea party will last for a long time, more than two hours or so. Maybe after walking around for a few times and acquainting yourself with some people, you want to leave soon. This is the time for you to understand some of the skills for leaving in the middle of the party. When you are leaving and the party has not yet come to an end, don’t bid farewell to everyone you have been talking with. You should just whisper goodbye to two or three people around you and then leave.
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When you are leaving before a wine party comes to an end, you have to explain your reason and apologize to the host who invited you. After talking with the host, you should leave as soon as possible. Don’t talk too much with the host near the door, because the host has many things to do and there are many guests awaiting his or her greetings. If you take up too much of the host’s time you will cause the host’s impoliteness to other guests.
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