{"id":15950,"date":"2020-01-15T21:43:02","date_gmt":"2020-01-15T21:43:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-grammar\/sentence-structure-attributive-ju-zi-jie-gou-ding-yu\/"},"modified":"2020-01-15T21:43:02","modified_gmt":"2020-01-15T21:43:02","slug":"sentence-structure-attributive-ju-zi-jie-gou-ding-yu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/fr\/sentence-structure-attributive-ju-zi-jie-gou-ding-yu\/","title":{"rendered":"Sentence Structure- Attributive \u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784-\u5b9a\u8bed"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

\tThe Attributive<\/strong>
\tAn attributive is a word or phrase that decorates or modifies another term. The modified word may be either the subject or object. For instance,<\/p>\n

\t\u4ed6<\/strong>\u5988\u5988\u8981\u53bb\u4e0a\u73ed\u4e86 (t\u0101 m\u0101m\u0101 yào qù shàngb\u0101n le)\u3002His mother is going to work. (The pronoun "\u4ed6" is the attributive and is placed before the subject "\u5988\u5988".)
\t\u8fd9\u53ea<\/strong>\u72d7\u662fHolly\u7684 (zhè zh\u012b g\u01d2u shì Holly de)\u3002This dog is Holly’s. (The attributive "\u8fd9\u53ea" is before the subject.)
\t\u6211\u4e70\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<\/strong>\u897f\u74dc (w\u01d2 m\u01cei le yígè x\u012bgu\u0101)\u3002I bought one watermelon. (The numeral-measure word phrase "\u4e00\u4e2a" is the attributive and is before the object.)
\t\u90a3\u662f\u660e\u5929<\/strong>\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u8bd5\u5377 (nà shì míngti\u0101n k\u01ceoshì de shìjuàn)\u3002That is tomorrow’s text paper. (The noun "\u660e\u5929" is the attributive and is before the object.)<\/p>\n

\tAn attributive should be placed before the modified word. Any kind of notional word or phrase can act as an attributive. The structural particle "\u7684" (de) is often placed after an attributive. In the examples above there are instances of a noun, a pronouns, and a numeral-measure word phrase acting as an attributive. Below are examples of other kinds of words acting as the attributive.<\/p>\n

\t\u90a3\u8f86\u8f66\u4e0a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7a7a<\/strong>\u5ea7\u4f4d (nà liàng ch\u0113 shàng y\u01d2u x\u01d4du\u014d k\u014dngzuòwèi)\u3002There are lots of  empty seats in that car. (The adjective "\u7a7a" acts as the attributive.)
\t\u4ed6\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a<\/strong>\u5f1f\u5f1f (t\u0101 y\u01d2u s\u0101n gè dìdì)\u3002He has three younger brothers. (The numeral "\u4e09\u4e2a" acts as the attributive.)<\/p>\n

\tSome attributives must be followed by the structural particle "\u7684", some attributives cannot be followed by \u7684, and some may optionally be followed by "\u7684".<\/p>\n

\tDo not use "\u7684"<\/strong> in the following circumstances:
\tWhen the attributive is a noun and describes a quality of a person or thing<\/p>\n

\t\u5236\u5b9a\u8282\u65e5 (zhìdìng jiérì) A designated holiday
\t\u9500\u552e\u7ecf\u7406 (xi\u0101oshòu j\u012bngl\u01d0) A sales manager<\/p>\n

\tThe attributive is a noun in a set combination
\t\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66 (nánj\u012bng dàxué) Nanjing University
\t\u9996\u90fd\u673a\u573a (sh\u01d2ud\u016b j\u012bch\u01ceng) Beijing Airport<\/p>\n

\tWhen the attributive is a pronoun: and it expresses a family relationship or an organizational unit; it is "\u8fd9" (zhè) or "\u90a3" (nà) and appears in front of a numeral or measure word; or it is "\u4ec0\u4e48" (shénme) or "\u591a\u5c11" (du\u014dsh\u01ceo) and appears in front of a noun<\/p>\n

\t\u8fd9\u628a\u6905\u5b50 (zhè b\u01ce y\u01d0zi) This chair
\t\u90a3\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba (nà j\u01d0 gè rén) Those people
\t\u591a\u5c11\u94b1 (du\u014d sh\u01ceo qián) How much money?
\t\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d (shén me yìsi) What do you mean?<\/p>\n

\tWhen the attributive is an adjective:
\t\u7ea2\u53f6 (hóngyè) red leaves
\t\u957f\u57ce (chángchéng) the Great Wall<\/p>\n

\tThe structural particle "\u7684" must be used in the situations below:
\tThe attributive is a noun expression a possessive relation, time, or place<\/p>\n

\t\u6211\u7684\u978b\u5b50 (w\u01d2 de xiézi) My shoes
\t\u53bb\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u5386 (qùnián de rìlì) Last year’s calendar
\t\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4eba (hòumiàn de rén) The people behind<\/p>\n

\tAdjectives acting as attributives when emphasizing decoration of the modified word, disyllables decorating monosyllables, duplicated forms:<\/p>\n

\t\u53ef\u601c\u7684\u4eba (k\u011blián de rén) A poor man
\t\u9ad8\u9ad8\u7684\u5efa\u7b51 (g\u0101o g\u0101o de jiànzhù) A tall building<\/p>\n

\tVerbs acting as attributives
\t\u8fa9\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\u9898 (biànlùn de huàtí) The subject debated<\/p>\n

\tSubject-predicate phrases acting as attributives
\t\u4e13\u5bb6\u7528\u7684\u529e\u6cd5 (zhu\u0101nji\u0101 yòng de bànf\u01ce) A method used by experts<\/p>\n

\tCoordinative phrases acting as attributives
\t\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6708\u548c\u4e0b\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u94b1 (zhè gè yuè hé xià gè yuè de qián) The money for this month and next month<\/p>\n

\tEndocentric phrases acting as attributives
\t\u5f88\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u88d9\u5b50 (h\u011bn piàoliàng de qúnzi) A really beautiful skirt<\/p>\n

\tPhrases of locality, appositive phrases, set phrases, and prepositional phrase acting as an attributive
\t\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u94b1 (w\u01d2 zìj\u01d0 de qián) My own money<\/p>\n

\t"\u7684" can be optionally used in the following situations:<\/p>\n

\tDissyllabic pronouns acting as an attributive decorating monosyllabic collective units
\t\u54b1\u4eec\uff08\u7684\uff09\u5b69\u5b50 (zánmen de háizi) Our child<\/p>\n

\tDissyllabic adjectives acting as an attributive modifying another dissyllabic word
\t\u5feb\u4e50\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74 (kuàilè de tóngnián) happy childhood<\/p>\n

\tMeasure word phrases that borrow a noun to express the idea of a large number
\t\u4e00\u5c42\u4e00\u5c42\uff08\u7684\uff09\u5c71 (yì céng céng de sh\u0101n) Layer upon layer of mountains<\/p>\n

\tThe endocentric phrases "\u5f88\u591a" (h\u011bndu\u014d) and "\u4e0d\u5c11" (bù sh\u01ceo)
\t\u5f88\u591a\uff08\u7684\uff09\u9c7c (h\u011bndu\u014d de yú) Lots of fish
\t\u4e0d\u5c11\uff08\u7684\uff09\u8d44\u91d1 (bù sh\u01ceo de z\u012bj\u012bn) a lot of funds<\/p>\n

\t <\/p>\n