{"id":6074,"date":"2019-11-16T02:36:53","date_gmt":"2019-11-16T02:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/gaomi-new-year-prints-gao-mi-pu-hui-nian-hua\/"},"modified":"2019-11-16T02:36:53","modified_gmt":"2019-11-16T02:36:53","slug":"gaomi-new-year-prints-gao-mi-pu-hui-nian-hua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/fr\/gaomi-new-year-prints-gao-mi-pu-hui-nian-hua\/","title":{"rendered":"Gaomi New Year Prints \u9ad8\u5bc6\u6251\u7070\u5e74\u753b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006\u5e74
Time: 2006
\u7c7b\u522b\uff1a\u6c11\u95f4\u7f8e\u672f
Category: Folk Art
\u5730\u533a\uff1a\u5c71\u4e1c
Region: Shandong Province
\u7f16\u53f7\uff1a\u2166-6
Ref. No.: \u2166-6
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Nominating unit[s]: Gaomi city, Shandong Province
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Jiangzhuang Town, Gaomi City, Shandong Province, is famous for its New Year prints, which are also known as the "folk freehand". To produce a New Year print, a draft must first be drawn with willow charcoal, then traced all over again with a writing brush before it is rubbed on a number of white papers. This process is called "Puhui", as a copy can be used for many prints. The rubbing still needs to be touched up by hand-drawing and undergo many other processes before transforming into the finished piece.
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It is said that the Gaomi New Year prints were invented during the reign of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty. Initially, some folk painters copied pictures that were in the temple for sale. To meet the huge demand for original copies, the "Puhui" rubbing method was created on the basis of the traditio<\/em>nal "Pufen" rubbing method designed for copying frescos. The biggest difference between "Pufen" and "Puhui" is not the material they use, but lies in the fact that a ready-made Fenben (i.e. a sample) is used for "Pufen", while a copy of the original work is required for "Puhui". For "Pufen", a sample can be directly used for printing, but o<\/em>nly once, while for "Puhui", a copy can be used for many prints. Thanks to the copying process, Gaomi New Year prints are more flexible, and thus various painting elements and styles can be used, so as to better meet people’s aesthetic tastes. The Gaomi New Year prints drew on artistic elements of the literati painting in the early Qing Dynasty, and adopted and refined the crafts of Tianjin Yangliuqing New Year wood-block prints and Weixian Yangjiabu New Year wood-block prints during the reign of Jiaqing, evolving into a unique New Year print genre with strong local features. During the reign of Xianfeng, large numbers of New Year prints craftsmen gathered in Gaomi, forming "Laomohua" and "Honghuo", the two main schools.
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The production characteristics of Gaomi New Year prints make it impossible to abandon the traditio<\/em>nal manual rubbing and drawing skills, which has resulted in a long production cycle, supplicated processes and limited production. All of these factors have added to the disadvantages of Gaomi New Year prints when competing with new paintings produced with graphic arts technologies. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the whole industry of Gaomi New Year prints began to decline. Today, few inheritors of this unique art can be found in Gaomi. As a unique school, Gaomi New Year prints have reflected the social culture and local customs, and preserved traditio<\/em>nal Chinese folk painting skills. As such, the rescue and reinvigoration of the Gaomi New Year prints is extremely valuable, and should be undertaken by any means available.
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