\tThe subject may be the object of the statement and it is often a noun or pronoun. The predicate tends to make a statement in regards to the subject and is generally a verb or adjective. No function words are utilized between the subject and predicate. The majority of the words you mentioned contain it. For instance:<\/p>\n
\t\u5934\u53d1\u957f (tóuf\u0101 cháng): "\u5934\u53d1" is the subject and "\u957f" the predicate.
\t\u4ed6\u4e66\u5199 (t\u0101 sh\u016bxi\u011b): "\u4ed6" is the subject and "\u4e66\u5199" the predicate.<\/p>\n
\tThe order of the two constituents is fixed together with the subject preceding the predicate.
\tThe first constituent of a S-P phrase is generally a noun or pronoun serving as a subject or the topic, as well as the second one, typically a verb or an adjective, would be the predicate describing the subject. For instance:
\t"\u6211\u95fb\u5230…" (I smelt…) The pronoun "\u6211" is the subject and "\u95fb\u5230", a verb
\tNo function word whatsoever is used between the two constituents.
\tThe second constituent is normally stressed in pronunciation.<\/p>\n
\tIn Mandarin Chinese, S-P phrase is used as the subject, predicate, object, attributive, adverbial adjunct and complement of degree.
\t\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e0d\u5bf9 (t\u0101 zhè yàng zuò búduì)\u3002He did the wrong thing. (As the subject)
\t\u4ed6\u624b\u6307\u7834\u4e86 (t\u0101 sh\u01d2uzh\u01d0 pò le)\u3002His finger is injured. (As the predicate)
\t\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u6210\u529f (w\u01d2 x\u012bwàng n\u01d0 chéngg\u014dng)\u3002I wish you success. (As the object)
\t\u60a8\u63d0\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5f88\u6b63\u786e (nín tí de yìjiàn h\u011bn zhèngquè)\u3002The opinion you put forward is quite correct. (As an attributive)
\t\u4ed6\u8bf4\u5f97\u5927\u5bb6\u5168\u7b11\u4e86 (t\u0101 shu\u014d de dàji\u0101 quán xiào le)\u3002What he said makes us laugh. (As a complement of degree)<\/p>\n
\tTIPS:
\tThe order of the two constituents in an S-P phrase cannot be reversed, for the reversion of order will bring about a change both in structure an in meaning.
\tThe two constituents of an S-P phrase have to match; otherwise, S-P phrase won’t make any sense.
\tAn S-P phrase can function as subject, object or attributive without being introduced by a pronoun.<\/p>\n