{"id":17240,"date":"2019-12-23T10:58:36","date_gmt":"2019-12-23T10:58:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/cross-stitch-tiao-hua\/"},"modified":"2019-12-23T10:58:36","modified_gmt":"2019-12-23T10:58:36","slug":"cross-stitch-tiao-hua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/cross-stitch-tiao-hua\/","title":{"rendered":"Cross-Stitch\u6311\u82b1"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

\u6311\u82b1\u6d41\u4f20\u4e8e\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u9ec4\u6885\u53bf\u548c\u6e56\u5357\u7701\u9686\u56de\u53bf\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5f3a\u88c5\u9970\u6027\u7684\u523a\u7ee3\u5de5\u827a\u3002<\/div>\n
Cross-stitch is a type of highly decorative embroidery. The type of cross-stitch found in Huangmei County in Hubei Province is distinct from those found in Longhui County in Hunan.<\/div>\n

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Huangmei Cross-stitch, named after the Huangmei County in Hubei, is also known as the frame stitch or cross-stitch. It is said that it originated in the Tang and Song dynasties, and evolved into a sophisticated skill in late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. Refined and perfected by generations of peasant females over the years, it features a crisp color combination and ingenious pattern design, highlighting a unique artistic expression.<\/div>\n

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Huangmei Cross-stitch is referred by many domestic and oversea folk art researchers as “colored cross-stitch”. In the vast cotton cultivation area in the countryside of Huangmei County, the colored cross-stitch is even more beautiful, with a variety of patterns and strong local characteristics. There is a local proverb that says: “every girl in Huangmei excels at cross-stitch”. In Caishan, Xinkai, and Konglong, where the cross-stitch is flourishing in particular, girls begin to learn the needlework from their mother or aunt once they are capable of sewing and will keep practicing until they are married. Locals call a girl who fails to master the cross-stitch skill a “green hand”, which is very embarrassing.<\/div>\n

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\u9ec4\u6885\u6311\u82b1\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u523a\u7ee3\uff0c\u523a\u7ee3\u91cd\u523a\uff0c\u6311\u82b1\u91cd\u6311\u3002\u9ec4\u6885\u6311\u82b1\u4ee5\u5143\u9752\u5e03\u4f5c\u5e95\uff0c\u7528\u9488\u5c06\u4e94\u5f69\u4e1d\u7ebf\u6311\u7ee3\u5728\u5e95\u5e03\u7ecf\u7ebf\u548c\u7eac\u7ebf\u4ea4\u7ec7\u7684\u7f51\u683c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8272\u6cfd\u7eda\u4e3d\u3001\u7acb\u4f53\u611f\u5f3a\u7684\u56fe\u6848\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u9488\u811a\u4e3a“×”\u5b57\u5f62\u7684\u79f0“\u5341\u5b57\u7ee3”\uff0c\u9488\u811a\u4e3a“\u4e00”\u5b57\u5f62\u7684\u79f0\u5e73\u7ebf\u7ee3\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u6700\u521d\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5934\u5dfe\u3001\u8863\u8fb9\u3001\u95e8\u5e18\u3001\u5e10\u6cbf\u3001\u5e8a\u56f4\u7b49\uff0c\u6c11\u95f4\u5987\u5973\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u6253\u626e<\/strong>\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u88c5\u9970\u5c45\u5ba4\u3002<\/div>\n
While common embroidery emphasizes embroidering skills, the cross-stitch focuses on the stitching. For Huangmei Cross-stitch, black cloth is used as the base, and colorful silk is stitched on the cloth mesh with interwoven warp and weft to form patterns that have brilliant colors and a strong three dimensional sense. In cross-sitch, the stitching is in the shape of “×”, referred to as the “cross-stitch”, while the stitch shape of the “Chinese character one” is referred to as the “flat stitch”. The works were originally limited to scarves, clothing hems, curtains, bed curtains and bed surrounds or other things that were used by girls to dress themselves or to decorate the room.<\/div>\n

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It is said that the Huyao Cross-stitch originated in the Han Dynasty and become a mature craft in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The material for Huayao Cross-stitch is navy blue or white folkweave, and silk and yarn with different colors. Women craftsmen stitch along the warp and woof of the folkweave, all by hand, without any trace or die. Filling is a common stitching process where a pattern is embedded in another pattern. There is a wide range of pattern materials, up to a thousand items, which are basically categorized into animals, plants, history and customs, with animal patterns being their favorite. Huayao Cross-stitch features ingenious ideas, bold and exaggerated shapes, balanced and symmetrical layouts, and contrasting black and white space, presenting a strong visual impact. Mr. Shen Congwen, a well-known cultural heritage conservation expert in China, called it the “world-class cross-stitch”. Huayao Cross-stitch dresses have been collected by the National Art Museum of China and the National Museum of China as treasures of art. It won a bronze medal in “the Exhibition of Unique Chinese Folk Arts” organized by the Ministry of Culture in 1994, and a gold medal in “the First Exhibition of Culture Relic Imitations and Folk Artworks of China” in 2003. The Huxingshan Yao Ethnic Minority Village in Longhui County has been named “the town of culture and arts” by Hunan Provincial Department of Culture thereafter.<\/div>\n

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With the deepening of social transformation and lifestyle changes, the traditional costumes of ethnic minorities continue to be assimilated by the outside world. In the meanwhile, the new generation fails to inherit this craftsmanship while many old cross-stitch artists are passing away. The production is also facing difficulties for lack of materials. All these factors are contributing to the decline of the Huayao Cross-stitch and it is declining to an endangered status and is in urgent need of protection and rescue.<\/div>\n<\/p>\n

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