{"id":17436,"date":"2019-12-31T11:02:26","date_gmt":"2019-12-31T11:02:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/history-of-education-in-china-3-zhong-guo-jiao-yu-de-li-shi-3\/"},"modified":"2019-12-31T11:02:26","modified_gmt":"2019-12-31T11:02:26","slug":"history-of-education-in-china-3-zhong-guo-jiao-yu-de-li-shi-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/history-of-education-in-china-3-zhong-guo-jiao-yu-de-li-shi-3\/","title":{"rendered":"History of Education in China(3)\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff083\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div>Before 1946, the country had only 1,300 kindergartens\uff08\u5e7c\u513f\u56edy&ograve;u&eacute;ryu&aacute;n\uff09, 289,000 primary schools and 4,266 secondary schools. With the adoption of the policy of reform\uff08\u6539\u9769g\u01ceig&eacute;\uff09 and opening to the outside world in 1978, basic education entered a new era of progress.<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><div>\u57281946\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ec5\u67091300\u6240\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u3001289000\u6240\u5c0f\u5b66\u548c4266\u6240\u4e2d\u5b66\u3002\u57281978\u5e74\u5b9e\u65bd\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u653f\u7b56\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><div>In 1985, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515azh\u014dnggu&oacute; g&ograve;ngch\u01cend\u01ceng\uff09 issued the &quot;Decision on the Reform of the educational Structure&quot;, laying down the principle that local governments should be responsible for basic education. The new policy was an incentive for local governments, especially those of the counties and townships. In 1986, the National People&#39;s Congress\uff08\u56fd\u4f1agu&oacute;hu&igrave;\uff09 promulgated the &quot;Compulsory Education Law of the People&#39;s Republic of China&quot;, thus placing basic education in the country on a firm legal basis. <\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><div>1985\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8fbe\u4e86&ldquo;\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a&rdquo;\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u7b56\u4e3a\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u53bf\u9547\u653f\u5e9c\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u5242\u5f3a\u5fc3\u5242\u30021986\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u94fa\u8bbe\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><div>In 1993 the CPC Central Committee and the State Council jointly issued the &quot;Guidelines for the Reform and Development of Education in China&quot;, clarifying the directions and basic policies\uff08\u653f\u7b56zh&egrave;ngc&egrave;\uff09 for the development of basic education till the early years of the 21st century. In early 1999, the State Council ratified the &quot;Action Plan for Educational Vitalization Facing the 21st Century&quot; formulated by the Ministry of Education (MOE), laying down the implementation of the strategy\uff08\u6218\u7565zh&agrave;nlu&egrave;\uff09 of &quot;Invigorate China through Science, Technology and Education&quot; and drawing the blueprint of reform and development for the cross century education based on the &quot;Education Law of the People&#39;s republic of China&quot; and the &quot;Guidelines for the Reform and Development of Education in China&quot;. In June 1999, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council jointly promulgated the &quot;Decision on the Deepening of Educational Reform and the Full Promotion of Quality Education&quot;, clarifying the direction for the establishment of a vital socialistic education with Chinese characteristics in the 21st century.<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><div>1993\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86&ldquo;\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6307\u5bfc&rdquo;\uff0c\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u76f4\u523021\u4e16\u7eaa\u524d\u671f\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u653f\u7b56\u30021999\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6279\u8f6c\u4e86\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u300a\u9762\u541121\u4e16\u7eaa\u6559\u80b2\u632f\u5174\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\u300b\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b9e\u65bd&ldquo;\u79d1\u6559\u5174\u56fd&rdquo;\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u8de8\u4e16\u7eaa\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u53d1\u5c55\u84dd\u56fe\u548c&ldquo;\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6307\u5bfc&rdquo;\u30021999\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u8054\u5408\u9881\u5e03\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u6df1\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u5168\u9762\u63a8\u8fdb\u7d20\u8d28\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u300b\uff0c\u4e3a21\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><div>During the past 60 years since the founding of the People&#39;s Republic of China, basic education in China has gained tremendous achievements. In 2010, there were 138,209 kindergartens with an enrollment\uff08\u767b\u8bb0d\u0113ngj&igrave;\uff09 of 15,468,596 young children. In 2010, there were altogether 280,184 primary schools with an enrollment of 17,388,465 students. Primary schools employed totally 6,135,536 full-time staffs and secondary schools employed 5,845,444 full-time staffs. Today, the Nine-Year Compulsory Education (NYCE) had been universalized in the area where 99.7% of the population inhabits, the highest rate among the E-9 countries.<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><div>\u4ece\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u768460\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u30022010\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u56fd138209\u4e2a\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u5c31\u670915468596\u540d\u513f\u7ae5\u767b\u8bb0\u5165\u5b66\uff0c280184\u6240\u5c0f\u5b66\u4e2d\u670917388465\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u767b\u8bb0\u5165\u5b66\u3002\u5c0f\u5b66\u603b\u5171\u521b\u9020\u4e866135536\u4e2a\u5168\u804c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e5f\u521b\u9020\u4e865845444\u4e2a\u5168\u804c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4e5d\u5e74\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u6211\u56fd99.7%\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u5f97\u5230\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u5176\u666e\u53ca\u7387\u5728\u4e5d\u4e2a\u843d\u540e\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u56fd\u4e2d\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u3002<\/div>\n<\/p><\/p>\n<div class=\"chine-tie-zi-nei-rong-zhi-hou\" id=\"chine-954584845\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1889418300638825\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1889418300638825\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7273022922\" \ndata-ad-layout-key=\"-gw-3+1f-3d+2z\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Before 1946, the country had only 1,300 kindergartens\uff08\u5e7c\u513f\u56edy&ograve;u&eacute;ryu&aacute;n\uff09, 289,000 primary schools and 4,266 secondary schools. With the adoption of the policy of reform\uff08\u6539\u9769g\u01ceig&eacute;\uff09 and opening to the outside world in 1978, basic education entered a new era of progress.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,2875],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chinese-culture","category-chinese-customs"],"views":186,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17436\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}