{"id":6093,"date":"2019-11-16T21:50:33","date_gmt":"2019-11-16T21:50:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/huagudeng-or-flower-drum-hua-gu-deng\/"},"modified":"2019-11-16T21:50:33","modified_gmt":"2019-11-16T21:50:33","slug":"huagudeng-or-flower-drum-hua-gu-deng","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/huagudeng-or-flower-drum-hua-gu-deng\/","title":{"rendered":"Huagudeng or Flower Drum \u82b1\u9f13\u706f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006\u5e74
Time: 2006
\u7c7b\u522b\uff1a\u6c11\u95f4\u821e\u8e48
Category: Folk Dance
\u5730\u533a\uff1a\u5b89\u5fbd
Region: Anhui Province
\u7f16\u53f7\uff1a\u2162-6
Ref. No.: \u2162-6
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Huagudeng is a folk dance of the Han Natio<\/em>nality that combines dancing, lantern so<\/em>ngs as well as gong and drum music together and perfectly integrates duo (trio) dances with plots and emotio<\/em>nal group dance. According to historical records, the origin of Huagudeng came no later than the Song Dynasty. Through the evolution in the Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty as well as the Republic of China period, this folk dance spread to over 20 counties and cities in four provinces including Henan, Anhui, Shandong and Jiangsu, as well as to the middle reaches of the Huaihe River near Bengbu, Huainan and Fuyang of Anhui during the 1930s~1940s.
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Huagudeng is often performed in the countryside after the autumn harvest season and before the spring ploughing period for the following year, especially at temple fairs and spring fairs. Male roles of Huagudeng are called “Gu Jiazi” (the drum stand) and female roles are called “Orchid” (or “La Hua”); it is mainly performed on a square and co<\/em>nsists of four parts, dancing, singing, mini-plays at back court and gong and drum performances, with dancing as the main component; the dancing is further divided into the “Large Huachang” (or “Large Court”), “Small Huachang” (or “Small Court”) and “Pan Gu”, etc.; the “Large Court” is a group emotio<\/em>nal dance performed by several to up to over 10 dancers; the “Small Court” is a two-person dance or trio dance representing the scenes of young lovers, including the basic routine performance and improvisatio<\/em>nal performance, as well as dances with simple plots to portray the perso<\/em>nality of characters, such as Seizing for the Handkerchief and Seizing the Bench, which is of the core element of the Huagudeng; while “Pan Gu” is a performance combining dance, martial arts and special skills that has certain modeling art features. The mini-play is a small song and dance drama, and representative works including The 4th Lord Setting in the Single-poled Sedan Chair, Pushing the Cart and The Pedlar, etc. There are currently primarily three schools of performance of Huagudeng: in Yingshang, the Huagudeng features slow rhythms, a precise dance structure as well as an old and simple style; in Fengtai, the Huagudeng school emphasizes the emotio<\/em>nal des<\/em>cription of characters and features exquisite actions; in Huaiyuan, it embodies brisk and vigorous actions and unrestrained emotion.
\u82b1\u9f13\u706f·\u868c\u57e0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f
Huagudeng•Bengbu huagudeng
\u7533\u62a5\u5730\u533a\u6216\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u868c\u57e0\u5e02
Nominating unit[s]: Bengbu City, Anhui Province
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As the most representative folk dance of the Han natio<\/em>nality and the intensive embodiment of the Huaihe Culture, Bengbu Huagudeng combines dancing, lantern so<\/em>ngs as well as gong and drum music together and perfectly integrates duo (trio) dance with plots and group emotio<\/em>nal dance to form a systematic and complete system of folk song and dance. Integrating superb skills, excellent performances and professio<\/em>nal artists, Huagudeng has bright folk dance features and is of great recreatio<\/em>nal value to the local people. After thousands of years, the music, dance postures and rhythms of Huagudeng have preserved relatively complete memories of the daily life, interests, characters, customs and charms of the people in the Huaihe River Basin, passed on the history as well as social and eco<\/em>nomic culture of the Huaihe River Basin in different periods, stored the changes in the unique cultural concepts, aesthetic feelings and folkways of the people in the Huaihe River Basin, and have been actively passed down until the present day.
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Bengbu Huagudeng co<\/em>ntains 400 ex<\/em>pressions, over 50 basic steps as well as difficult dance postures with large time intervals and various completed instantaneous changes, which in total co<\/em>nstitute the rich dance language system of Huagudeng and make it an excellent folk dance to express complicated plots with body languages. Dancing is the main part of Huagudeng, and is further divided into the “Large Huachang”, “Small Huachang” and “Pan Gu”, etc. The “Large Huachang” is a group emotio<\/em>nal dance performance; the “Small Huachang” is an improvisatio<\/em>nal lyrical two-person dance or trio dance performance by the Drum Stand and the Orchid, which is the core of the dance of Huagudeng. “Pan Gu” is a performance combining dance, martial arts and special skills that has certain modeling art features. The dance postures and movements of Huagudeng pay careful attention to the tactful combination of tightness with looseness and stillness with movement. The movements feature strong rhythm sensation and diversified changes. A group of Huagudeng masters like Feng Guopei, Chang Chunli, Zheng Jiuru, Shi Jingli and Yang Zaixian as well as influential works like Sightseeing in Spring and Seizing the Fan have come forth in Bengbu, resulting in a period of great prosperity when there were “thousands of gong and drums and hundreds of Huagudeng Troupes”.
\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u539f\u751f\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u868c\u57e0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u5df2\u6fd2\u4e34\u6d88\u4ea1\u3002\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u4eba\u5e74\u4e8b\u5df2\u9ad8\uff0c\u6c11\u95f4\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u673a\u5236\u6709\u5f85\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6025\u9700\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002
However, the primitive Bengbu Huagudeng is now in danger of becoming extinct due to multiple causes. The most influential folk artists are slowly dying off, and folk inheritance mechanisms need to be rebuilt. Therefore, there is an urgent need to co<\/em>nserve the Bengbu Huagudeng.
\u82b1\u9f13\u706f·\u51e4\u53f0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f
Huagudeng•Fengtai huagudeng
\u7533\u62a5\u5730\u533a\u6216\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u51e4\u53f0\u53bf
Nominating unit[s]: Fengtai County, Anhui Province
\u51e4\u53f0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u6d41\u884c\u4e8e\u6dee\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u51e4\u53f0\u53ca\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\u3002
Fengtai huagudeng is popular in the Huaihe River Basin and mainly distributed in Fengtai and the surrounding area.
\u51e4\u53f0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u7740\u826f\u597d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6761\u4ef6\u53ca\u4eba\u6587\u73af\u5883\u3002\u51e4\u53f0\u53e4\u79f0\u5dde\u6765\uff0c\u53c8\u540d\u4e0b\u8521\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6dee\u6cb3\u4e2d\u6e38\uff0c\u4ea4\u901a\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u7269\u4ea7\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u6c11\u98ce\u6df3\u6734\u3002\u51e4\u53f0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\uff0c\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u53ef\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u4ece\u840c\u82bd\u5230\u6210\u719f\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u51e4\u53f0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u5b8b\u3001\u5143\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u81f3\u6e05\u4ee3\u4e2d\u53f6\u5df2\u521d\u5177\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u8d8b\u4e8e\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u4eba\u6c11\u559c\u7231\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f20\u751a\u5e7f\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u672f\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u6e05\u672b\u6c11\u521d\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u5728\u51e4\u53f0\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6d41\u6d3e\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u653e\u540e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u767b\u4e0a\u4e86\u9ad8\u96c5\u827a\u672f\u7684\u6bbf\u5802\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u6c49\u6c11\u65cf\u821e\u8e48\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\uff1b\u56db\u662f\u515a\u7684\u5341\u4e00\u5c4a\u4e09\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u4ee5\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u827a\u672f\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u91cd\u83b7\u65b0\u751f\u3002
Advantageous natural co<\/em>nditions and a strong humanities enviro<\/em>nment have existed for the formation and development of Fengtai Huagudeng. Fengtai, also called Zhoulai or Xiacai in ancient times, is located in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River and boasts co<\/em>nvenient transportation, rich local products as well as ho<\/em>nest and kind-hearted people. The long history of Fengtai Huagudeng has underwent four stages: (1) From germination to maturation. Fengtai Huagudeng originated during the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty, and in the middle period of the Qing Dynasty, it had already developed to a certain scale and was popular among the people as a widespread folk art; (2) During the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China period, Huagudeng basically formed its features in Fengtai, which laid the foundation for further development after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China; (3) After the foundation of the People’s Republic of China. Huagudeng rose to the stage of classical art and was ho<\/em>nored as a representative dance of the Han Nationality; (4) After the Third Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, the art of Huagudeng gained recognition and renascence.
\u51e4\u53f0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u95f4\u6b4c\u821e\u827a\u672f\u53f2\u4e0a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u9875\uff0c\u662f\u6dee\u6cb3\u6587\u5316\u5728\u821e\u8e48\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u51e4\u53f0\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u6709\u56db\u767e\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u6c47\u3001\u4e94\u5341\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u4f10\uff0c\u8bb2\u7a76\u7537\u5973\u89d2\u8272\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u7740\u610f\u611f\u60c5\u63cf\u7ed8\uff0c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7ec6\u817b\uff0c\u6247\u82b1\u53d8\u5316\u591a\u6837\u3002\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u821e\u8e48\u52a8\u4f5c\u5185\u6db5\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5178\u578b\u52a8\u4f5c“\u4e09\u6389\u5f2f”\uff08\u4e09\u9053\u5f2f\uff09\u5f3a\u8c03\u8170\u90e8\u7684\u626d\u52a8\uff0c\u662f\u4e1c\u65b9\u821e\u8e48\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81“S”\u578b\u5728\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u4e2d\u7684\u5145\u5206\u4f53\u73b0\u3002
The emergence of Fengtai Huagudeng is an im<\/em>portant page of the history of China’s folk song and dance art and the intensive embodiment of the Huaihe dance culture. Co<\/em>ntaining over 400 ex<\/em>pressions and over 50 steps, Fengtai Huagudeng focuses on the cooperation of the male and female roles, emotio<\/em>nal des<\/em>cription, exquisite movements and diversified changes in fan moves. The dance postures of Huagudeng have rich meanings, wher, the typical movement of “Three Turns” emphasizes the twisting of the waist, which sufficiently embodies the “S” posture, an im<\/em>portant feature of the oriental dance.<\/p>\n

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Huagudeng is the origin of many arts in the Huaihe River Basin. Huai Opera, Huaibei Huaguxi, Sizhou Opera and Fengyang Huagu, etc. are all derived from Huagudeng. Fengtai Huagudeng has influenced and enriched the folk dances and arts of the Huaibei area (north of the Huaihe River). And now the Fengtai Huagudeng is in danger of becoming extinct. Effective measures are urgently required for the co<\/em>nservation and salvation of this art.
\u82b1\u9f13\u706f·\u988d\u4e0a\u82b1\u9f13\u706f
Huagudeng•Yingshang huagudeng
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Nominating unit[s]: Yingshang County, Anhui Province
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Yingshang huagudeng is an art which has been passed down by the working people from generation to generation; it originated in the countryside of the Huaihe River basin and is mainly distributed in over 20 counties and cities, including Yingshang, along the Huaihe River.
\u988d\u4e0a\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u4eba\u6c11\u671f\u76fc\u653f\u901a\u4eba\u548c\u3001\u56fd\u6cf0\u6c11\u5b89\u3001\u98ce\u8c03\u96e8\u987a\u3001\u4eba\u5bff\u5e74\u4e30\u7684\u826f\u597d\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u6dee\u6cb3\u513f\u5973\u7684\u793c\u4e49\u98ce\u60c5\u3001\u52e4\u52b3\u52c7\u6562\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u9752\u5e74\u7537\u5973\u7eaf\u771f\u3001\u6734\u5b9e\u7684\u7231\u60c5\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5e78\u798f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6267\u8457\u4e0e\u5411\u5f80\u3002
Yingshang Huagudeng mainly express the local people’s expectations for wise governance, peace, safety, health and good harvest. It represents the rites, diligence, and courage of the people in the Huaihe River Basin, pure and true love of young people and the people’s pursuit of happiness.
\u988d\u4e0a\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u9664\u5728\u9898\u6750\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u821e\u8e48\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u6dee\u5357\u3001\u868c\u57e0\u4e24\u5730\u533a\u7684\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u5916\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u821e\u8e48\u52a8\u611f\u7279\u5f3a\uff0c\u8282\u594f\u7d27\u4fc3\u6709\u529b\uff0c\u52a8\u4f5c\u97f5\u5473\u5341\u8db3\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u6377\u654f\u9510\uff0c\u67b6\u52bf\u53d8\u6362\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u8868\u6f14\u573a\u9762\u70bd\u70ed\u6b22\u817e\uff0c\u6f14\u5458\u60c5\u7eea\u6b22\u5feb\u6fc0\u6602\uff0c\u5531\u8154\u7c97\u72b7\u9ad8\u4ea2\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u6f14\u51fa\u6c14\u6c1b\u5802\u7687\u5bcc\u4e3d\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u7279\u8272\u6d53\u90c1\u3002
Despite similar subjects, forms, melodies and dance movements with that in Huainan (south of the Huaihe River) and Bengbu, Yingshang Huagudeng has its own features. Its dance features dynamic, rhythmic and passio<\/em>nate rhythms, rapid and charming movements, frequent changes of postures, warm scenes, brisk and passio<\/em>nate emotions of performances, bold and loud arias, a splendid atmosphere and strong local characteristics.
\u988d\u4e0a\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u8868\u6f14\u8005\u7531\u6570\u540d\u9f13\u6a5b\u5b50\u3001\u814a\u82b1\u5bf9\u5076\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u9886\u9996\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9f13\u6a5b\u5b50\uff08\u53eb\u6748\u4f1e\u628a\uff09\u9886\u821e\u51fa\u573a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u5927\u82b1\u573a\uff08\u8dd1\u5927\u573a\uff09\u548c\u5c0f\u82b1\u573a\uff08\u8dd1\u5c0f\u573a\uff09\u7b49\u6bb5\u843d\u3002
Yingshang Huagudeng is mainly performed by several Gu Juezi and La Hua in couples, with the first Gu Juezi (the Cha Shaba) as the leading dancer, and co<\/em>nsists of the Large Huachang (Large Court) and the Small Huachang (Small Court), etc.
\u988d\u4e0a\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u5927\u591a\u5373\u5174\u6f14\u5531\uff0c\u591a\u7528\u9523\u9f13\u6572\u51fb\uff08\u5e38\u7528\u9f13\u3001\u9523\u3001\u9572\u3001\u5c0f\u9523\u7b49\u56db\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u9523\u9f13\u7ecf\u65e0\u8c31\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u51e4\u51f0\u4e09\u70b9\u5934\u3001\u957f\u6d41\u6c34\u3001\u5c0f\u4e94\u756a\u3001\u5341\u516b\u756a\u3001\u5927\u5239\u70b9\u3001\u5c0f\u5239\u70b9\u7b49\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5373\u5174\u53d8\u594f\uff0c\u968f\u821e\u8e48\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u97f3\u4e50\u591a\u91c7\u7528\u6c11\u65cf\u4e94\u58f0\u97f3\u9636\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u5bab\u548c\u7fbd\u3001\u5fb5\u6df7\u5408\u8c03\u5f0f\u3002
Yingshang Huagudeng is usually an improvisatio<\/em>nal performance and is normally accompanied by percussion instruments (drums, gongs, small cymbals and small gongs). The percussion instruments are often played in an improvisatio<\/em>nal manner along with changes of the dance without scores, instead, they mainly adopt skills like The Phoenix Nods for Three Times, the Long Flowing Water, the Small Wufan, the Shibafan, the Big Shadian and the small Shadian, etc. The music mainly adopts a natio<\/em>nal five-tone scale, usually a mixed tune of Gong, Yu and Zhi.
\u988d\u4e0a\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u6709\u300a\u62a2\u677f\u51f3\u300b\u3001\u300a\u62a2\u624b\u7ee2\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6e38\u6625\u300b\u7b49\u4e00\u6279\u6709\u4eba\u7269\u6709\u60c5\u8282\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u821e\u8e48\u8282\u76ee\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u4eba\u3002
Yingshang Huagudeng’s repertoires include Seizing the Bench, Seizing the Handkerchief and Sightseeing in Spring, etc. which has different plots and characters. There are also some representative folk artists .
\u988d\u4e0a\u82b1\u9f13\u706f\u827a\u672f\u70ed\u60c5\u3001\u5954\u653e\u3001\u4f18\u7f8e\u3001\u7ec6\u817b\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6c49\u6c11\u65cf\u6c11\u95f4\u6b4c\u821e\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u591a\u6b21\u5e94\u9080\u53c2\u52a0\u56fd\u9645\u827a\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002
Passionate, unconstrained, graceful and exquisite, Yingshang Huagudeng sufficiently embodies the features of folk dances of the Han nationality. It has participated in multiple internatio<\/em>nal art exchange events and received great attention in recent years.
\u76f8\u5173\u4f20\u627f\u4eba\uff1a
Inheritor[s]:
\u51af\u56fd\u4f69  \u90d1\u4e5d\u5982  \u9648\u656c\u829d  \u738b\u4f20\u5148  \u9093\u8679  \u6768\u518d\u5148  \u5f20\u58eb\u6839
Feng Guopei, Zheng Jiuru, Chen Jingzhi, Wang Chuanxian, Deng Hong, Yang Zaixian, Zhang Shigen
<\/div>\n