{"id":6119,"date":"2019-11-17T23:03:38","date_gmt":"2019-11-17T23:03:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/analysis-of-the-sites-of-5-famous-kilns-in-the-song-dynasty\/"},"modified":"2019-11-17T23:03:38","modified_gmt":"2019-11-17T23:03:38","slug":"analysis-of-the-sites-of-5-famous-kilns-in-the-song-dynasty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/mm\/analysis-of-the-sites-of-5-famous-kilns-in-the-song-dynasty\/","title":{"rendered":"Analysis of the Sites of 5 Famous Kilns in the Song Dynasty"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b8b\u4ee3\u74f7\u5668\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c5d\u7a91\u3001\u5b98\u7a91\u3001\u54e5\u7a91\u3001\u94a7\u7a91\u3001\u5b9a\u7a91\u4e94\u4e2a\u7a91\u53e3\u4ea7\u54c1\u6700\u4e3a\u6709\u540d\uff0c\u540e\u4eba\u7edf\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a“\u5b8b\u4ee3\u4e94\u5927\u540d\u7a91”\u3002
In the Song Dynasty, there were five famous porcelain kilns: Ru Kiln, Guan Kiln (Official Kiln), Ge Kiln, Jun Kilin and Ding Kiln, which were known as the “Five Famous Kilns of the Song Dynasty”.<\/p>\n

Porcelain Pillows in the Shape of a Child produced by the Ding Kiln in the Song Dynasty
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Ceramics produced by the 5 famous kilns feature delicate craftwork, an elegant style and exquisite glazing colors, and thus were favored by emperors and scholars in ancient China. However, the sites of the 5 kilns have always been a complicated and co<\/em>nfusing question in the history of Chinese porcelain.
\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u53f6\u9e9f\u8dbe\u5148\u751f\u9996\u5148\u6307\u660e\u4e94\u5927\u540d\u7a91\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5b9a\u7a91“\u7a91\u5740\u5728\u6cb3\u5317\u66f2\u9633\u6da7\u78c1\u6751”\uff0c\u4e94\u5927\u540d\u7a91\u7684\u5965\u79d8\u624d\u521d\u9732\u7aef\u502a\u3002
In the 1920s, when Mr. Ye Linzhi first proved that the Ding Kiln was located in Jianci Village of Quyang County, Hebei Province, the answer began to dawn on us.<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u5de7\u4e0d\u6210\u4e66\uff0c\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53f6\u8001\u5148\u751f\u7684\u957f\u5b50\u3001\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u7f8e\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\u53f6\u5586\u6c11\u5148\u751f\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u8d74\u7a91\u5740\u4eb2\u81ea\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa“\u6c5d\u7a91\u7a91\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u6cb3\u5357\u5b9d\u4e30\u6e05\u51c9\u5bfa\u5bfb\u89c5”\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\u30021988\u5e74\u6cb3\u5357\u7701\u6587\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6e05\u51c9\u5bfa\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u6398\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4f7f\u5bfb\u89c5\u591a\u5e74\u7684“\u6c5d\u7a91”\u7a91\u5740\u91cd\u73b0\u5929\u4e0b\u3002
By coincidence, Mr. Ye Zhemin, the eldest son of Mr. Ye Linzhi and a Professor of the Academy of Fine Arts at Tsinghua University, pointed out half century later that the Ru Kiln might be located in Qingliang Temple of Baofeng County, Henan Province, ba<\/em>sed on his study of a large number of docu<\/em>ments and references and on-the-spot investigation in Baofeng. In 1988, the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology began the excavation at Qingliang Temple and affirmed the site of the Ru Kiln.<\/p>\n

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There were no records in docu<\/em>ments of the Song Dynasty a<\/em>bout the Jun Kiln. During the 1950s to 1960s, the Natio<\/em>nal Palace Museum sent staff members to investigate into this matter. Mr. Chen Wanli, Mr. Ye Zhemin and Mr. Feng Xianming have provided im<\/em>portant clues to the investigation. In 1975, the Henan archeologists found the site of the Jun Kiln in Juntai, a place near Baguadong of Yu County, Henan Province.<\/p>\n

“\u5b98\u7a91”\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\u662f\u5b8b\u4ee3\u4e13\u4e3a\u5bab\u5ef7\u70e7\u5236\u74f7\u5668\u7684\u5b98\u8425\u74f7\u7a91\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5317\u5b8b\u5b98\u7a91\u9057\u5740\u5df2\u6df1\u57cb\u5f00\u5c01\u5730\u4e0b6\uff5e8\u7c73\u6df1\u5904\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5b8b\u738b\u5ba4\u5357\u8fc1\u540e\uff0c\u4ecd\u88ad\u5317\u5b8b\u5b98\u7a91\u9057\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u676d\u5dde\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bbe\u7a91\u70e7\u9020\u74f7\u5668\u3002
In Chinese, "Guan" means the government. The Guan Kiln was the government kiln o<\/em>nly producing fine porcelains for the royal family and court. At present, the site of the Guan Kiln is buried 6-8 meters underneath Kaifeng and would be very difficult to find. When the royal family of the Song Dynasty moved to the south, the Guan Kiln was also moved to Hangzhou.
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In 1985, the Zhejiang archeologists found a furnace, kiln tools and a layer of fragments in Wuguishan Mountain of Hangzhou City, and affirmed the site of the Jiaotanxia Guan Kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty.
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In the early 21st century, staff members of the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology found a kiln site which is located in the east side of Fenghuangshan, and the south side of Wansongling, and behind the site of the imperial city of the Southern Song Dynasty, and affirmed it was the site of the Xiuneisi Guan Kiln of the Southern Song Dynasty.
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Thus far, the sites of the 4 kilns have been revealed. However, the site of the Ge Kiln still remains unknown.<\/p>\n

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There was no record found in docu<\/em>ments of the Song Dynasty a<\/em>bout the Ge Kiln, which made it even more difficult to corroborate materials obtained from archaeological work with the extant Ge Kiln wares. Therefore, it had always been a mystery in the history of ceramics, and o<\/em>nly a story was passed on from generation to generation. As the story goes, in Lo<\/em>ngquan County of Zhejiang Province, two brothers, whose surname was Zhang, were skilled at porcelain making. Although both produced wares with great reputation, the elder brother was more skillful and envied by his younger brother. Motivated by a desire to destroy his brother’s wares, the younger brother sneaked and poured some water to his brother’s kiln one day. The glaze of the porcelains all cracked with the sudden cold. Unexpectedly, all the crackles became a special and asto<\/em>nishing decoration and people liked the crackled style very much. The new style made the elder brother very famous and the wares of the Ge Kiln have been handed down.
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This is o<\/em>nly a legend. wher after all was the Ge Kiln? Further observation and study still are needed.
<\/div>\n