{"id":3537,"date":"2019-11-20T04:09:54","date_gmt":"2019-11-20T04:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/porcelain-ci-qi\/"},"modified":"2019-11-20T04:09:54","modified_gmt":"2019-11-20T04:09:54","slug":"porcelain-ci-qi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/porcelain-ci-qi\/","title":{"rendered":"Porcelain \u74f7\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>Porcelain (c&iacute; q&igrave; \u74f7\u5668) derives its present name from old Italian porcellana because of its resemblance to the translucent surface of the shell. Porcelain can informally be referred to as &quot;china&quot; in some English-speaking countries, as China was the birth place of porcelain making. Porcelain was developed on the basis of pottery. If calculated from the appearance of the primitive porcelain in the Shang Dynasty (sh\u0101ng ch&aacute;o \u5546\u671d), it has a history of a<em><\/em>bout 3000 years. Properties associated with porcelain include low permeability and elasticity; co<em><\/em>nsiderable strength, hardness, glassiness, brittleness, whiteness, translucence, and resonance; and a high resistance to chemical attack and thermal shock.<\/p>\n<p>  Celado<em><\/em>nThe techniques of manufacturing porcelain have developed rapidly since the Eastern Han Dynasty (d\u014dng h&agrave;n \u4e1c\u6c49). Famous kilns producing porcelain products with unique features and new pottery and porcelain varieties co<em><\/em>nstantly came forth in subsequent dynasties. Celadon (q\u012bng c&iacute; \u9752\u74f7) manufactured in the Yue Kiln (yu&egrave; y&aacute;o \u8d8a\u7a91) of Zhejiang Province (zh&egrave; ji\u0101ng \u6d59\u6c5f) and white porcelain (b&aacute;i c&iacute; \u767d\u74f7) produced in the Xing Kiln (x&iacute;ng y&aacute;o \u90a2\u7a91) of Hebei Province (h&eacute;b\u011bi \u6cb3\u5317) in the Tang Dynasty (t&aacute;ng ch&aacute;o \u5510\u671d) are very precious. White porcelain of the Ding Kiln (d&igrave;ng y&aacute;o \u5b9a\u7a91) in Hebei Province, Jun porcelain (j\u016bn c&iacute; \u94a7\u74f7) of the Jun Kiln (j\u016bn y&aacute;o \u94a7\u7a91) in Henan Province (h&eacute; n&aacute;n \u6cb3\u5357), and celadon of the Lo<em><\/em>ngquan Kiln (l&oacute;ng qu&aacute;n y&aacute;o \u9f99\u6cc9\u7a91) in Zhejiang Province in the Song Dynasty (s&ograve;ng ch&aacute;o \u5b8b\u671d) are all priceless treasures. After the Song Dynasty, celadon wares produced by the Lo<em><\/em>ngquan Kiln in Zhejiang began to be exported abroad.<\/p>\n<p>  Colored PorcelainAfter the Yuan Dynasty (yu&aacute;n ch&aacute;o \u5143\u671d), the porcelain industry rose swiftly in Jingdezhen (j\u01d0ng d&eacute; zh&egrave;n \u666f\u5fb7\u9547) of Jiangxi Province (ji\u0101ng x\u012b \u6c5f\u897f), which became known as the Capital of Porcelain (c&iacute; d\u016b \u74f7\u90fd). The porcelain ware of Jingdezhen is light and artful in weight, refined and exquisite in design. The most precious items include Blue and White Porcelain (q\u012bng hu\u0101 c&iacute; \u9752\u82b1\u74f7), Colored Porcelain (f\u011bn c\u01cei c&iacute; \u7c89\u5f69\u74f7), Exquisite Blue and White Porcelain (q\u012bng hu\u0101 l&iacute;ng l&oacute;ng c&iacute; \u9752\u82b1\u73b2\u73d1\u74f7) and Eggshell Porcelain (b&oacute; t\u0101i c&iacute; \u8584\u80ce\u74f7).<\/p>\n<p>  By the Sui (su&iacute; \u968b)and Tang dynasties, porcelain had become widely produced. Eventually, porcelain and the expertise required to create it began to spread into other areas; by the seventeenth century, it was being exported to Europe.<\/p>\n<p>  Chinese porcelain wares are not o<em><\/em>nly daily handy necessities, but also precious arts and crafts. From the Han and Tang dynasties, Chinese porcelain wares and their manufacturing techniques gradually spread all over the world. Today, China co<em><\/em>ntinues to create new varieties of pricious porcelain wares.<br \/>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br \/>  \u74f7\u5668<br \/>  Blue and White Porcelain&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u74f7\u5668\u7684\u6545\u4e61\uff0c\u74f7\u5668\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u4e2d&ldquo;\u74f7\u5668\uff08china\uff09&rdquo;\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\uff08China\uff09\u540c\u4e3a\u4e00\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u4e2d\u56fd\u74f7\u5668\u662f\u4ece\u9676\u5668\u53d1\u5c55\u6f14\u53d8\u800c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u74f7\u5668\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e3000\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u3002\u5927\u7ea6\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d16\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5546\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u74f7\u5668\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u74f7\u5668\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u4e1c\u6c49\u65f6\u671f\uff08\u516c\u514325\uff5e220\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u5510\u4ee3\u74f7\u5668\u7684\u5236\u4f5c\u6280\u672f\u548c\u827a\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6210\u719f\u3002\u81f3\u5b8b\u4ee3\u65f6\uff0c\u540d\u74f7\u540d\u7a91\u5df2\u904d\u53ca\u5927\u534a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u662f\u74f7\u4e1a\u6700\u4e3a\u7e41\u8363\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6c5d\u7a91\u3001\u5b98\u7a91\u3001\u54e5\u7a91\u3001\u94a7\u7a91\u548c\u5b9a\u7a91\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b8b\u4ee3\u4e94\u5927\u540d\u7a91\u3002\u660e\u6e05\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ece\u5236\u576f\u3001\u88c5\u9970\u3001\u65bd\u91c9\u5230\u70e7\u6210\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u53c8\u90fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u524d\u4ee3\u3002\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u74f7\u90fd\u7684\u6c5f\u897f\u666f\u5fb7\u9547\u5728\u5143\u4ee3\u51fa\u4ea7\u7684\u9752\u82b1\u74f7\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u74f7\u5668\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u9752\u82b1\u74f7\u91c9\u8d28\u900f\u660e\u5982\u6c34\uff0c\u80ce\u4f53\u8d28\u8584\u8f7b\u5de7\uff0c\u6d01\u767d\u7684\u74f7\u4f53\u4e0a\u6577\u4ee5\u84dd\u8272\u7eb9\u9970\uff0c\u7d20\u96c5\u6e05\u65b0\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u751f\u673a\u3002\u9752\u82b1\u74f7\u4e00\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u4fbf\u98ce\u9761\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u666f\u5fb7\u9547\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u540d\u74f7\u4e4b\u51a0\u3002\u4e0e\u9752\u82b1\u74f7\u5171\u540c\u5e76\u79f0\u56db\u5927\u540d\u74f7\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u9752\u82b1\u73b2\u73d1\u74f7\u3001\u7c89\u5f69\u74f7\u548c\u989c\u8272\u91c9\u74f7\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u96d5\u5851\u74f7\u3001\u8584\u80ce\u74f7\u3001\u4e94\u5f69\u80ce\u74f7\u7b49\uff0c\u5747\u7cbe\u7f8e\u975e\u5e38\uff0c\u5404\u6709\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u6211\u56fd\u7684\u9676\u74f7\u4e1a\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5174\u76db\u4e0d\u8870\uff0c\u8d28\u9ad8\u5f62\u7f8e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u8457\u540d\u7684\u9676\u74f7\u4ea7\u533a\u6709\u6c5f\u897f\u666f\u5fb7\u9547\u3001\u6e56\u5357\u91b4\u9675\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u77f3\u6e7e\u548c\u67ab\u6eaa\u3001\u6c5f\u82cf\u5b9c\u5174\u3001\u6cb3\u5317\u5510\u5c71\u548c\u90af\u90f8\u3001\u5c71\u4e1c\u6dc4\u535a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u4e2d\u56fd\u74f7\u5668\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u65e5\u7528\u54c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u827a\u672f\u54c1\u3002\u81ea\u6c49\u5510\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u74f7\u5668\u5c31\u5927\u91cf\u9500\u5f80\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u74f7\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u4f20\u904d\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u3002\u3000<br type=\"_moz\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"chine-tie-zi-nei-rong-zhi-hou\" id=\"chine-1252225176\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1889418300638825\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1889418300638825\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7273022922\" \ndata-ad-layout-key=\"-gw-3+1f-3d+2z\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Porcelain (c&iacute; q&igrave; \u74f7\u5668) derives its present name from old Italian porcellana because of its resemblance to the translucent surface<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chinese-culture"],"views":203,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3537","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3537"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3537\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3537"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}