{"id":3469,"date":"2019-11-17T06:36:52","date_gmt":"2019-11-17T06:36:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/beijing-temple-fairs-guide-2011\/"},"modified":"2019-11-17T06:36:52","modified_gmt":"2019-11-17T06:36:52","slug":"beijing-temple-fairs-guide-2011","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/th\/beijing-temple-fairs-guide-2011\/","title":{"rendered":"Beijing Temple Fairs Guide 2011"},"content":{"rendered":"
The temple fair (miào huì \u5e99\u4f1a) is a kind of social activity in China. Legend has it that it originated in ancient times when people offered sacrifices to the village god, which later gradually evolved into a marketplace for people to exchange products and a place for cultural performance. Temple fair in old China had a unique status in ordinary people’s life. It is the time to worship gods, pray for the blessing. It is also a great time to have fun. All the traditio<\/em>nal shows went on at the temple fairs, talk shows (xiàng sheng \u76f8\u58f0), banner shows (w\u01d4 qí \u821e\u65d7), ko<\/em>ngfu shows (w\u01d4 shù \u6b66\u672f), lion shows (w\u01d4 sh\u012b \u821e\u72ee), etc. It became a paradise for the kids. Fortunately this century old tradition is still preserved today.<\/p>\n

dough figurinesThe temple fair, usually on the open ground in or near a temple, is held on festive or specified days. Some are held o<\/em>nly during the Spring Festival (ch\u016bn jié \u6625\u8282). Although different places hold their temple fair at various dates, the co<\/em>ntents are similar. Farmers and merchants sell their farm produce, local specialties, and antiques (g\u01d4 wán \u53e4\u73a9), jade articles, flowers, birds and fish; craftsmen set up their stalls to show and sell their handicrafts (sh\u01d2u g\u014dng yì p\u01d0n \u624b\u5de5\u827a\u54c1) and specialty snacks (tè sè xi\u01ceo ch\u012b \u7279\u8272\u5c0f\u5403); folk artists establish a stage for singing, dance, and quyi (Chinese folk art forms q\u01d4 yì \u66f2\u827a, including ballad singing (mín g\u0113 \u6c11\u6b4c), story-telling (píng sh\u016b \u8bc4\u4e66), comic dialogues (xi\u01ceo p\u01d0n \u5c0f\u54c1), clapper talk (kuài b\u01cen \u5feb\u677f), cross talk (xiàng sheng \u76f8\u58f0), etc.) performance. Ordinary people come to the temple fair to buy and sell goods, watch the performances, and sample snacks, giving the temple fair a bustling atmosphere.<\/p>\n

pinwheelBeijing’s temple fair originated during the Liao Dynasty (liào dài \u8fbd\u4ee3 916-1125) and co<\/em>ntinued through several dynasties including the Yuan (yuán dài \u5143\u4ee3 1271-1368), the Ming (míng dài \u660e\u4ee3 1368-1644) and the Qing (q\u012bng dài \u6e05\u4ee3 1644-1911). Because it begins around the temple, it is called the ‘temple’ fair. There were always some small traders and peddlers who set up various stalls outside the temple to earn mo<\/em>ney from people who came to the temple to burn joss sticks and worship Buddha. Gradually the temple fair became a regular activity and is now a local folk custom in Beijing.<\/p>\n

traditio<\/em>nal ceremo<\/em>nyThe temple fairs in Beijing may roughly be divided into three kinds: One is the mo<\/em>nthly temple fair, during the later period of the mo<\/em>nthly temple fairs the rural fair develops with many businesses and entertainment. There is also a temporary temple fair opened according to co<\/em>nvention whenever there are traditio<\/em>nal festivals or something related to sacrificial offering activities for Buddhism (fó jiào \u4f5b\u6559) or Taoism (dào jiào \u9053\u6559). The characteristic of this kind of temple fair is that they are often held primarily for religious activities; however, some commodities and toys will be available for purchase, and folk entertainers put on performances. The third kind of temple fair is for multi-professions. In the past, many professions had a common practice of sacrificing offerings to their founders, o<\/em>nce a year. Generally they hold the fair on the birthday of the founder of their own profession.<\/p>\n

Now, Beijing holds temple fair every Spring Festival. Relatively famous temple fairs are those of the White Cloud Temple (bái yún gu\u0101n \u767d\u4e91\u89c2), the Altar of Earth (dì tán \u5730\u575b), Dragon Pool (lóng tán hú \u9f99\u6f6d\u6e56) and the Temple of Intense Happiness (lóng fú sì \u9686\u798f\u5bfa). temple fairTemple fairs in Beijing have preserved many traditio<\/em>nal customs, such as riding a mo<\/em>nkey to stroll around the temple fair and throwing coins through the hole in the center of a copper coin in the White Cloud Temple. Many goods sold in the temple fair have typical northern features, such as toys like diabolo (k\u014dng zhú \u7a7a\u7af9), pinwheel (f\u0113ng ch\u0113 \u98ce\u8f66), knife (d\u0101o \u5200), spear (qi\u0101ng \u67aa), swor(jiàn \u5251) and halberd (j\u01d0 \u621f); big sugarcoated haws on a stick and gruel of millet flour and sugar are widely popular among common people. Various artistic folk performances, rich tasty snacks of Beijing and the folk handicrafts are the most attractive points of this fair. The yangge (y\u0101ng g\u0113 \u79e7\u6b4c), stilts (c\u01cei g\u0101o qi\u0101o \u8e29\u9ad8\u8df7), land boat (huá hàn chuan \u5212\u65f1\u8239), lion dance (w\u01d4 sh\u012b \u821e\u72ee) all pass by in front of your eyes; playing the steel fork, tiger stick showing, gong and drum beating… performing again and again for your enjoyment. You may also buy clay, bristled figurines (shu\u0101 máo y\u01d2ng \u5237\u6bdb\u4fd1), dough figurines (miàn rén \u9762\u4eba) and paper-cuts (ji\u01cen zh\u01d0 \u526a\u7eb8), which are characteristic of local culture and Beijing charm. If you are lucky you may also find genuine Chinese antiques of fine quality at reaso<\/em>nable prices.<\/p>\n

Beijing Temple Fair Guide 2011<\/p>\n

Click to Open Map of Temple Fairs in Beijing 2011<\/p>\n

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\u5317\u4eac\u5e99\u4f1a<\/p>\n

big sugarcoated haws on a stick<\/p>\n

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      \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u6bcf\u5e74\u6625\u8282\u90fd\u4e3e\u529e\u5e99\u4f1a\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u540d\u7684\u6709\u767d\u4e91\u89c2\u5e99\u4f1a\u3001\u5730\u575b\u5e99\u4f1a\u3001\u9f99\u6f6d\u6e56\u5e99\u4f1a\u3001\u9686\u798f\u5bfa\u5e99\u4f1a\u7b49\u3002\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u5e99\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u4fd7\uff0c\u50cf\u767d\u4e91\u89c2\u5e99\u4f1a\u7684\u9a91\u9a74\u901b\u5e99 \u4f1a\u3001\u6253\u91d1\u94b1\u773c\u7b49\u3002\u5e99\u4f1a\u4e0a\u51fa\u552e\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u5317\u65b9\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u50cf\u7a7a\u7af9\u3001\u98ce\u8f66\u3001\u5200\u67aa\u5251\u621f\u7b49\u73a9\u5177\uff1b\u51b0\u7cd6\u846b\u82a6\u3001\u8336\u6c64\u7b49\u5c0f\u5403\uff0c\u90fd\u6df1\u53d7\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u6b22\u8fce\u3002
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