{"id":6050,"date":"2019-11-15T02:30:43","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T02:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/chinese-culture\/dong-nationality-dage-grand-songs-dong-zu-da-ge\/"},"modified":"2019-11-15T02:30:43","modified_gmt":"2019-11-15T02:30:43","slug":"dong-nationality-dage-grand-songs-dong-zu-da-ge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinesemoment.com\/th\/dong-nationality-dage-grand-songs-dong-zu-da-ge\/","title":{"rendered":"Dong Nationality Dage (\u2018Grand Songs\u2019) \u4f97\u65cf\u5927\u6b4c"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006\u5e74
Time: 2006
\u7c7b\u522b\uff1a\u6c11\u95f4\u97f3\u4e50
Category: Folk Music
\u5730\u533a\uff1a\u5e7f\u897f\uff0c\u8d35\u5dde
Region: Guangxi and Guizhou
\u7f16\u53f7\uff1a\u2161-28
Ref. No.: II-28
\u7533\u62a5\u5730\u533a\u6216\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u8d35\u5dde\u7701\u9ece\u5e73\u53bf
Nominating unit[s]: Liping County, Guizhou Province
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Dong natio<\/em>nality dage ("Grand songs"), popular in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Auto<\/em>nomous Region and Sanjiang Dong Auto<\/em>nomous County, is called "Galao" by the Dong people. "Ga" means songs, and "lao" means big, or many people, or various sounds or old. Since "Galao" is an archaic song type which is sung by a chorus co<\/em>nsisting of many people, it is also known as Dage.
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The Liping Dong natio<\/em>nality dage is a kind of folk choral music sung by the Dong folk chorus in the southern dialect areas, and is mainly popular in the southern part of Liping County and the northern part of Co<\/em>ngjiang County neighboring or covering such townships and towns as Yandong, Koujiang, Shuangjiang, Yongcong, Zhaoxing, Shuikou, Long’e of Liping County as well as Wangdong, Guping, Gaozeng, Guandong, Luoxiang of Co<\/em>ngjiang County. Such areas are popularly known as "Liudong" and "Jiudong".
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With a long history dating back to the ancient China, Dong natio<\/em>nality dage entered into a relatively mature stage as early as the Song Dynasty. Lu You, a famous poet living in the Song Dynasty, recorded in his Lao Xue An Bi Ji (or Notes of Laoxue House) the Geling (the name Dong people o<\/em>nce called themselves) performance events wher guests and hosts sang together. In the Ming Dynasty, Kuang Lu more clearly recorded the situation of Dong people "closing their eyes to sing a long song" in his Chiya, which is the im<\/em>portant literature describing the situation of singing the Dong natio<\/em>nality dage hundreds of years ago. The Dong natio<\/em>nality dage, which is generally sung in occasions of collective visits among villages or clans, is the core of cultural exchange and affective interaction of the Dong people, and reflects and delivers the soul of the Dong culture to some extent.
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The Liping Dong natio<\/em>nality dage is not o<\/em>nly one of the most characteristic folk music types of China, but also a precious "bright pearl" of the internatio<\/em>nal folk music types. As the multi-voice part folk song, the Dong natio<\/em>nality dage reaches world-wide extremely high level in terms of multi-voice thinking, multi-voice form, chorus technique, cultural connotation, etc. The representatives of the Dong natio<\/em>nality dage include Yelao Song, Ga Gao Sheng, Ga Yin Ye, Ga Xi, etc.
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The Liping Dong natio<\/em>nality dage, with a unique singing style and special stanza structure, carries the history and culture of the Dong people. It is not o<\/em>nly a kind of musical art, but also an im<\/em>portant compo<\/em>nent of the social structure, marriage and love relationship, cultural inheritance and spiritual life of the Dong nationality. With many a track and an extremely wide range of contents, it is of quite significance in the study of social history, marital history, history of thought, history of education, etc., being the spiritual pillar maintaining the existence of the Dong society.
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The Sanjiang (Guangxi) Dong natio<\/em>nality dage mainly prevails in the Dong villages in Meilin, Fulu, Yangxi townships of Sanjiang County along the Ro<\/em>ngjiang River and Dong villages in Luocheng.
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The Sanjiang dage is usually presented in the form of musical dialogue in antipho<\/em>nal style by men and women sitting around drum towers or fireplaces to narrate the life philosophy and transmit production and living-related knowledge. In terms of tone, the Sanjiang Dong natio<\/em>nality dage can be classified into male voice dage, female voice dage, child’s voice dage and male-female mixed voice dage. In terms of musical genre, it can be classified into such seven kinds as drum tower dage ("Gadelou"), sound dage ("Gasuo"), child’s voice dage ("Galawen"), narrative dage ("Gajin(\u560e\u9526)" and "Gajin(\u560e\u5c3d)"), etiquette and custom dage, opera dage and mixed voice dage ("Gashinisuo"). With several hundred main melodies, the representative works include Ga Gao Sheng (folk song), Neng Men Gao Jing, (mountain spring song), Ga Lun Lian (sound of cicada), Ga Yi Yo (song a<\/em>bout cicada), etc. Since the Dong Natio<\/em>nality has no character, inheritance of dage solely depends on oral teaching of "Sangga" (singer). Nevertheless, it is transmitted through successive generations.
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The musical form of dage is quite unique, and each song co<\/em>nsists of "head", "body" and "end". Dage is often of two-voice part, which is called the "male sound" (high voice part) and "female sound" (low voice part). Featuring rich contents, diversified varieties and beautiful melodies, the Sanjiang Dong natio<\/em>nality dage is renowned as the "most beautiful heavenly voice" in the world.
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Along with the reform and opening up as well as the co<\/em>ntinuous development of market economy, the Dong natio<\/em>nality dage has been co<\/em>nfronted with the crisis of extinction. Undoubtedly, to protect and preserve the Dong natio<\/em>nality dage will, to a significant extent, promote cultural co<\/em>nstruction and harmo<\/em>nious society building in the areas inhabited by the Dong people.
\u76f8\u5173\u4f20\u627f\u4eba\uff1a
Inheritor(s):
\u5434\u54c1\u4ed9 \u5434\u5149\u7956 \u8983\u5976\u53f7 \u6f58\u8428\u94f6\u82b1 \u5434\u4ec1\u548c
Wu Pinxian, Wu Guangzu, Qin Naihao, Pan Sayinhua, and Wu Renhe.
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