复韵母和鼻音韵母及拼写规则

Compound Finals and Finals with Nasal Endingsand Rilles of Sidling

1.复韵母 Compound Finals

由两个或三个元音构成的韵母，叫做复韵母。现代汉语一共有13个复韵母:

Finals made up of two or three vowels are  compound finals and there are 13 of them:

ai [ai]		ao [au]
ou [ou]
ei① [ei]
ia [ia]		ie [ie]		iao [iau]	iou [iou]
ua [ua]		uo [uo]		uai [uai]	uei [uei]
üe [y]

注释

① ei和英语day里ay发音相同，其中e是半高的[e].下边ie和üe中的e舌位略低一些，是半低的[ ]。

ei is pronounced in the same way as “ay”  in “day” and the e in ei is the half-high [e]、The e in ie and üe, with the tongue position a little lower, is the half-low [ ] .

 

2.鼻音韵母 Finals with Nasal Endings

元音后面带上鼻音韵尾-n[n]或-ng [ ］构成的韵母，叫做鼻音韵母。鼻音韵母一共有16个:

Finals with nasal endings are finals followed by -n [n] or – ng [ ] and there are 16 of them:

an [an]		ang [a ]
ong [u ]
en [ n]		eng [ ]
in [in]		ing [i ]		ian [i n]		iang [ia]		iang [yu ]
uen [u n]		uerg [u ]		uan [uan]		uang [ua ]
Un [yn]		uan [y n]

 

• .拼写规则Rules of Spelling
• 由i或ü开头的韵母前没有声母的时候，要加准声母y,如：

When there is no initial before the final i or ü in a syllable, we add the quasi-initial y before the final, g .

i→yi     ü→yu     üe→yue

由i开头的复韵母前没有声母时，i改写成准声母y。如：

When there is no initial before a compound final started with i in a syllable, we change i into the quasi-initial y, g .

iao→yao     iou→ycu

• 由u开头的韵母前面没有声母的时候，要加准声母W(u→wu)或以w代u (ua→wa, uai→wai).

When there is no initial before a final started with u, we add the quasi-initial w before the final (u→wu)or in place of u (ua→wa, uai→wai).

• 由ü开头的韵母和j、q、x、y相拼时，ü上的两点省略，例如：

When a final started with ü is preceded by j q x or y, the two dots above ü are dropped, g .

ju, qu, xu, xun, yuan

• 有声母时复韵母iou, uei分别写作iu, ui,鼻音韵母uen写作un,例如：

When preceded by initials, the finals iou and uei are shortened as iu and ui respectively while uen is written as un, g .

i + icu→liu      h+uei→hui     g + uen→gun

练 习 Exercises

• .读下表： Read the following table:

	a     o     e	ai     ei     ao     ou	an     en     ang     erg     ong
i u ü	Ia         ie ua    uo üe	iao   iu uai    ui	ian    in     iang    ing     iarg Uan    un     uang    ueng üan    ün

 

• . 练习复韵母 Exerciseson conpound finals:

ai

ei

ao

ou

ia

ie

iao

ua

uo

uai

ui

üe

j

jia

jie

jiao

jue

q

qia

qie

qiao

que

x

xia

xie

xiao

xue

z

zai

zei

zao

zou

zuo

zui

c

cai

cao

cou

cuo

cui

s

sai

sao

sou

suo

sui

zh

zhai

zhei

zhao

zhou

zhua

zhuo

zhuai

zhui

ch

chai

chao

chou

chuo

chuai

chui

sh

shai

shei

shao

shcu

shua

shuo

shuai

shui

r

rao

rou

ruo

rui

 

 

3 .分辨下列音节： Discriminate the following syllables:

lan—lang,   ben—beng, jin—jing, qin—qing, xun—xiong

bai—bei, liao—liu, guai—gui, xia—xie, suo—sui

4. 按拼音规则正确写出下面的音节：

Write the following syllabes according to the rules of spelling:

i→ ian→ iorg→ iou→ ie→

u→ uo→ ua→ uai→ uei→ uen→ ueng→ uang→

ü→ üe→ üan→ ün→